EXPERIMENTS WITH DURUM WHEAT. 



41 



The combination of high altitude and northern location permits 

 only a rather short growing season. Add to this the low rainfall and 

 it is seen that cropping under dry-land conditions is somewhat handi- 

 capped. The results since the station was established in 1908 are 

 shown in Table XIX and the principal data graphically in figure 12. 

 The difficulties experienced are indicated by the complete failures 

 in 1911 and 1912 and the very low yields of spring varieties in 1910 

 and 1914. 



Table XIX. — Annual and average yields of five varieties of durum wheat and five varieties 

 of comvion wheat grown on the Belle Fourche Experiment Farm, Newell, S. Dak., 

 during periods of varying length in the nine years from 1908 to 1916, inclusive. 



[Data obtained in cooperation with the Office of Western Irrigation Agriculture and, since 1912, with the 

 South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station.] 





C.I. 



No. 



Yield per acre (bushels). 





1908 



1909 



1910 



1911 



1912 



191.3 



1914 



1915 



1916 



Average. 



Class, group, and variety. 



4 



years, 



1913 



to 



1916. 



7 



years, 



1910 



to 

 1916. 



9 



years, 



1908 



to 



1916. 



Durum: 



Kubanka— 



1516 

 1493 

 1350 

 1440 

 1444 



1442 

 3081 



3276 

 3025 



3020 



23.8 

 22.3 

 22.5 

 24.9 

 22.7 



25.4 



22.6 



22.6 

 23.2 

 21.4 

 20.9 



40.3 



5.3 

 8.3 

 5.2 



7.4 

 5.0 



22.7 

 9.2 









 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 



19.1 

 17.1 

 16.7 

 15.6 

 16.5 



38.6 

 19.5 



16.8 

 16.6 



14.1 



9.6 

 9.5 

 9.7 

 a9.5 

 7.4 



28.7 

 7.2 



8.0 

 5.1 



5.1 



54.5 

 54.9 

 58.2 

 54.4 

 54.0 



63.8 

 46.9 



50.9 

 43.4 



42.0 



19.7 

 14.8 

 13.7 



13.8 



25.7 

 24.1 

 24.6 

 23.3 



15.5 

 14.9 

 14.8 



14.4 



17 2 





16 6 





16 6 



Kubanka 



Yellow Gharnovka 



16.3 



615.7 



Common: 



Crimean (w i n t e r) — 



14.2 

 5.8 



8.1 

 6.5 



5.6 



36.3 

 19.9 



21.0 

 17.9 



16.7 



24.0 

 12.6 



26 







Fife- 

 Marquis 









Power 



Bluestem — H a y n e s 

 (Minn. No. 169) 



18.5 

 18.3 



17.3 



13.8 



10.6 

 9.0 





 





 



11.7 

 10.9 



13.1 

 12.0 



a Computed from yields of Kubanka, C I. No. 1516. 

 b Average for only 8 years, 1908 to 1915, inclusive. 



The data presented show clearly certain facts. Hard red winter 

 wheat of the Crimean group outyields any spring variety in all years 

 except 1916, when Kharkof was outyielded by Kubanka and Ar- 

 nautka durums. In average yields the Kharkof outranks Kubanka 

 by fully 50 per cent. 



The five durum spring wheats, all of the Kubanka group, excel 

 any spring common wheat by yields that are significant. In the 

 four years during which it has been grown Marquis is the best yielder 

 of the spring common wheats. It outyields Preston, the highest 

 yielding variety in the 7-year period, by more than 1 bushel, but 

 falls 4.7 bushels per acre behind the best Kubanka. In short, the 

 durum varieties are the best spring wheats for the Belle Fourche 

 district. 



