BUD VARIATION IN THE VALENCIA OEANGE. 



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established plantings should be discouraged. For these reasons 

 it seems wise for the present to concentrate effort upon the stabiliza- 

 tion of the Valencia strain by means of bud selection based on per- 

 formance records and intimate knowledge of the individual tree. 



THE UNINTENTIONAL PROPAGATION OF UNDESIRABLE STRAINS. 



The prevailing method of securing bud wood of the Valencia 

 variety has been to cut it either from bearing trees in established 

 orchards, or, to a limited extent, from young nursery or nonbearing 

 trees. Where the buds 

 have been cut from 

 bearing trees little or, 

 usually, no selection of 

 parent trees has been 

 practiced. 



Bud variations have 

 been propagated unin- 

 tentionally by nursery- 3 oav/=>/?ol~>oc77is£- satwaav <?.g 

 men because the exist- 

 ence and importance 

 of such variations have 

 been unknown until 

 very recently. The 

 occurrence of individ- 

 ual trees in the per- 

 formance-record plats 

 bearing mainly fruit 

 identical with the fruit 

 variations occurring 

 individually or as limb 

 sports in other trees 

 and the existence of 

 similar limb sports in 

 the parent trees from 

 which the performance- 

 record trees were prop- 

 agated are evidences of 

 the propagation of these diverse strains from bud variations. From 

 the fact that the most variable trees are usually the most vigorous in 

 vegetative growth and that the most vigorous-growing, nonfruit- 

 bearing wood has been usually selected for propagation, the propor- 

 tion of trees of the variable strains in established orchards has been 

 increasing continually in the later plantings as compared with the 

 early propagations of this variety. Because of the lack of knowl- 

 edge in the past of the existence of bud variations, no one can 



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Fig. 8. — Diagram showing the average number of seeds found in 

 fruits from the trees of the various strains of the Valencia orange 

 in the investigational performance-record plat during the 4-year 

 period, 1912 to 1915, inclusive. A large, a medium, and a small 

 fruit from each of the three grades, that is, nine fruits from each 

 tree, were cut each season and the seeds from each fruit carefully 

 counted. 



