20 BULLETIN 581, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
manufacturing process, allowing secondary spoilage to occur; and 
(c) the use of “‘swells” or spoiled ‘‘half stock”’ (“‘ministrella”’). The 
particular condition causing the spoilage can sometimes be estab- 
lished in the finished preduct by microscopical examination. Sharp 
distinctions, however, can not at this stage of the investigations be 
drawn in every case. 
TasBLE 12.—Analysis of Italian tomato sauces made from bad or questionable stock as 
determined by visual inspection. 
Character] Yeasts Fields 
Sample. Description. from in- and Bacteria.| with 
; spection.2} spores. molds. 
Per 1/60 | Miliion 
cmm. perce. | Per cent. 
500 | From bin-stored tomatoesin bad condition........- Cc 1,120 466 ) 
501 | From partly decayed stock. .-- 22-22. 221 22.222. 2 2... Cc 843 233 65 
502 4 From tomatoes not washed or sorted; of doubtful 
Characters sees es ses a aan ans Red wa gaan ee Sia (3) 114 92 24 
503 | From tomatoes not washed or sorted; not approved. C 315 220 11 
516 | From tomatoes not approved ..-..-.-..-----1------- C 160 | 72 14 
517 | From freshly delivered, but not washed, tomatoes. . (3) 54 39 3 
526 | From tomatoes stored in bin overnight; partly de- 
6 Carved) eee oO SLi ON a Mut IRAE eS aan C 440 200 38 
527 | From tomatoes held overnight in bin; objectionable 
COT GLE TO 1S Sere Ee ry i Pn ey hs aaa ener oe Cc 230 96 39 
534 | From tomatoes stored in bin overnight; partly de- 
ELI, CL Pa Me hs aed Se Sas AU A NE Cc 349 96 43 
540b | From tomatoes stored in bins from Saturday till 
: Mondayalbad condition sean. see eeneeeeeee eee Cc 909 360 100 
545b | From tomatoes stored in bins 3 or 4 days; 50 per cent 
Ofireshitomatoes added =e eetes- na. seeeeeeee eee een. C 1, 200 700 60 
547 | From tomatoesstored in bin 24hours; bad condition. C 750 290 60 
550 | From tomatoes not approved because of handling 
SyStOM Meee sicher see aussmanse Eider tty Seeee to meton Cc 390 72 27 
551b | From basket-stored tomatoes; rather sour and moldy C 709 115 56 
559 | From bin-stored tomatoes; sour and moldy-_--.----- Cc 218 108 31 
562a | From trimmings allowed to stand; bad condition... - C 580 1, 250 712 
574 | From trimmings; bad condition._...._........-...- Cc 690 300 72 
di From trimmings and bad tomatoes..........----.-. C 659 309 88 
586 | From partly decayed tomatoes.........---...--.-.. Cc 400 | 400 88 
597 | From tomatoes, many decayed...-..--.---.-------- C 120 125 80 
GU} \lEGaad Oe atin Sctseinic acta ne viele tein se ee eee ea cele C 240 108 70 
600 |....- OO ee OAR AN Sens gmecabdoaeatmab sss dass aeseE C 220 96 55 
601 | From objectionable trimmings............-......-. C 550 400 30 
604 | From partly decayed stock............-....-.._..-. C 375 200 54 
| 
1 Analyses by B. J. Howard. 3 Doubtful, or open to criticism. 
2, condemned; bad product from inspection of raw material. 
The influence of improper storage and handling of stock is illus- 
trated by two tests run the same day at one of the plants visited. 
Sample A was taken from tomatoes stored in a bin overnight and 
not sorted or washed before being made into sauce. Sample B was 
a sauce made at the same plant the same day as A but came from 
good stock promptly handled. 
Mold Yeast and | Bacterial 
Sample. count. ‘pore count.) count. 
Bq 
| 
A | 43 340 | 96 
B | 12 48 | 24 
Thus it is seen that high counts on this class of products, as well as 
on those less concentrated, indicate bad stock or insanitary handling. 
