22 BULLETIN 582, U. 8. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
the small orchardist barely fills the family flour barrel and the feed 
bin for the few head of live stock kept. 
TaBLE 14,—Labor requirement of crops. 
[Days per acre.]} 
MAN-LABOR. 
Winter, Mar.1to | Maylito | Julyito | Sept.1to | Nov.1to 
May 1,60 | Ju:y 1,61 | Sept. 1, 62 | Nov. 1,61 | Dec. 1, 30 
Crop. ue days, 26 days,35 | days,42 | days,50 | days,42 | days, 20 Total. 
* | avaiable. | avanable. | available. | available. | available. 
Strawberries... .-.- 1.50 0.17 136.04 ZIGUN Esse ateincsalbae ees e ides 140.38 
Raspberries..-.-.- 1.50 8.17 7.33 2AAI00 peees a se ess| (Selon Sonanene 261.00 
Peaches. Soss2s |e Sees nen 6.24 1.75 B18) 3 22.00 0. 50 3 33.62 
Prunes terse ease = 5 | Seow eeee 5.88 3.20 88 5 22.00 50 6 32. 46 
Pears seue sete asa|# yeaah ace 5.67 2:25 64.38 CIQUOON|Uaeeneae aces 6 21.80 
IAM DOS a cme cecmics anise mace 4.92 1.75 3.28 TA OOM | Soe metssisee 7 23.95 
(Altalaekecs23 chee | hs ces sceee 2 17 -83 1.03 Gait ee esoaseee 8 2.86 
Canning peas- o 2. \sn02.-.- seni 1.54 4.50 CBG eas ==contr kee Spee anee 99.54 
Smalleraiwess.225| Seen see 82 -35 WSS ieee osense . 67 13.22 
Snap beans....-..- 2.00 1.00 1.94 1826625. lett Bae terial eae eee as 12 31.19 
Tomatces....---. 1.50 2.10 5.07 13 15. 67 13 12.00 1.00 . 1337.34 
peotatoesian 22-255. 1.50 2.90 2.09 1.15 144.00 1.00 1412.64 
Qnionss3. 523.222. ~ 1.50 3.17 5. 84 2.67 45 21. 20 3. 66 15 38. 04 
Sugar beets. .....-. 2.00 397 3.97 1.75 17 6.25 1.00 17 15.94 
HORSE LABOR. 
: Mar.ito | Mayito | Julyito | Sept.1to | Nov.ito : 
Crop. Winter. May 1. July 1. Sept. 1. Noy. 1. Dee: 1. Total. 
Strawberries... -..-. 3200) | Eeeeeeeeseee 5.67 OF50) |eS eee BASE ALR ise 9.17 
Raspberries..-...- 2 Oo 00H Emeseciasaees 1.67 (50) Ol eae Seite SSE me aceos 10. 67 
Reachess se: sase bas sash eae 2.81 AG (El est 1.50 45.00 1.00 411.98 
IPTUNCSS acs eso oe | ae cae 3.14 Bi28b | vescie scenes 6.00 1.00 13. 42 
(Bears. SUS eee erg eee 1.67 1.33 1.00 300i) aeaae Seer 7.00 
aoe Hees acdseeslSsciennoOasee 2.50 1.00 -80 S003 ee eels 12.30 
foliage Peete E Ss sleee ante seeie| decbiacicn ames -95 -95 AU Fa eee 2.85 
@annintewmeas sare. |seeemeeeaes 2.63 4.00 yA UN err ees ss octal an eee oe 1010. 63 
Snialllierains os ss5| Sess aeee TA8O A eee eas doe e bebe wees 1.33 3.36 
Snap beans...-...-. 4.00 1.67 1.53 3008) a 52. sees see speneeoaec 10. 20 
Tomatoes.......- 3.00 27 2.28 4.75 4.00 2.00 17.30 
Potatoes.....-..-- 3.00 2.47 1.08 25 4.00 2.00 12. 80 
QOnionse226 - acct 3.00 1.33 SONS loeke ks! 3.20 167.34 15.37 
Sugar beets.....-- 4.00 1.60 1.53 -00 18 6.15 2.00 15.78 
The figures in the above table include extra labor, mainly at harvest times, which in all cases, even when 
done by children, is reduced to the equivalent of mentime. This extra labor is as follows: 
1 Extra days man labor, 22.68 in third column; 0.2in other columns. 
2 Extra days man labor, 34.50in column 4; 0.50 in other columns. 
3 Extra days man labor, 20in column 5; 1.34 in other columns. 
4 Extra days horse labor, 3 (hauling). 
5 Extra days man labor, 17 in column 5; 2.28 in other columns. 
6 Extra days man labor, 8in columns 4 and 5; 2in other columns. 
7 Extra days man labor, 8in column 5; 1.50 in other columns. 
8 Extra days man labor, 0.75, evenly distributed at each cutting. 
® Total extra days man labor, 0.77. - 
10 Total extra days horse labor, 0.2 (planting). 
il Total extra days man labor, 0.80 (at harvesting and thrashing). 
12 Extra days man labor, 22.50 (picking by boys and girls). 
13 Extra days man labor, 18 in columns 4 and 5 (picking, mainly women and children); in other columns, 
1.25. ’ 
14 Extra days man labor, 2 (digging) in column 5; 0.9in other columns. 
ls Extra days man labor, 13.60 in column 5 (harvest, mainly children); 5.33 in other columns, of which 
4 are used in weeding before cept 1 (done by boys). 
16 Hxtra days horse labor, 2.67 (hauling). 
l7 Extra days man labor, 5 in column 5 (harvesting), 1.97 in other columns includes thinning about 
June 1 (done by boys). 
18 Extra days horse labor, 3.75 (hauling beets). 
The type of farming followed, as well as the size of business, is 
an important determining factor in the net return to the large or- 
chardist, while in the case of the general farmers size of business is 
the chief factor in their net returns. The size of business is an im- 
