30 BULLETIN 587, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
picked soon decays. Esopus is exceptionally subject to attack by northwestern 
anthracnose even in storage. This is an imrortant consideration when the 
fruit is grown in localities where this disease is prevalent. Generally this 
variety did not remain in good market condition past the latter part of 
Webruary. 
Gawno.—The Gano and Black Ben (the Black Ben is probably but a strain 
of the Gano, and its storage-keeping quality is similar) are not as good storage 
apples as is often thought. Their color becomes unattractive, and they are 
subject to very bad scald. Apples of the variety that are not well matured 
and well colored should seldom be stored for any length of time. The Gano 
did not usually remain in the best condition past the middle of February. 
STAYMAN (STAYMAN WINESAP).—The high quality and firmness of the Stay- 
man Winesap are retained in storage for some time, but unfortunately this 
variety is susceptible to extremely bad scald, which is soon followed by physio- 
logical decay. To guard against this the greatest care should be taken to store 
only fruit that is fully matured and well colored. Late picking is also danger- 
ous in some localities, as water-core may develop. The Stayman Winesap 
passed good market condition about the middle of February. 
SaLomE—The keeping quality of the Salome was rather variable, averaging 
in general not quite as good as that of the Stayman Winesap. It remains 
unusually bright and attractive through the season, and occasional well-colored 
lots show excellent keeping quality. 
OrTLEY.—For a short storage season the Ortley is often valuable. However, 
its susceptibility to scab, core browning, northwestern anthracnose, and scald 
are against its extensive use in cold storage. The scald often appears in small 
spots resembling Jonathan spot. The Ortley retains its flavor well for a time, 
but later becomes fiat. Most of the Ortleys remained in good condition until 
after the first of February. 
Kine Davip.—F'or short-season storage this variety is very good. When picked 
early enough to avoid water-core it can usually be held without serious de- 
terioration somewhat longer than can Jonathan. Excessively early picking, 
however, encourages scald. It is probable that fruit picked before reaching a 
total dark red is as attractive as the darker and overmature fruit; and as the 
storage keeping quality of this earlier picked fruit is unquestionably better, the 
earlier picking is advised. In general the picking dates should be somewhat 
before those of Jonathan. King Davids picked under these conditions kept well 
until the first of February or later. 
MciIntosH.—Ffor short-time storage high-grade McIntosh apples are valuable. 
Their high dessert quality and comparative freedom from scald are in their 
favor. In late winter they lose in flavor, and physiological decay soon follows. ; 
They remained in good condition until the middle of January. 
TomMPKINS Kine.—As the Tompkins King water-cores and scalds badly, it is 
seldom a good storage variety. In cases where well-matured and well-colored 
fruit is obtained without water-core, successful storage may result, but other-— 
wise this variety is not to be depended on in storage. 
WAGENER.—Of the varieties grown in the Northwest, the Wagener is one of 
the most susceptible to scald. The scald is followed quickly by physiological 
decay. When well-colored mature fruit is obtained it can be held successfully 
for a considerable period, as the scald may then be practically eliminated. The 
average Wageners did not keep much past the middle of January. 
JONATHAN.—The Jonathan varies more in its keeping quality than does almost 
any other variety. In general the earlier harvested fruit keeps better, though 
very early harvesting results in shriveling and poor flavor. Jonathan spot and 
soft scald are its greatest enemies in storage, Both are more serious on this 
