9 
INCREASED CATTLE PRODUCTION. = —— 19 
- These differences in intensity of utilization and condition of thestock, 
together with the conservative estimates where actual measurement 
or count was not possible, will more than account for the 15 per cent 
difference in forage produced and number of stock actually grazed. 
Considermg that the problem was approached by two mdependent 
lines of study, the result is thought to justify the tentative con- 
clusions. 
SUMMER RANGE. 
The other types of range are so intermixed that on no large area of 
any one has it yet been possible to obtain accurate figures of carrying 
capacity. For the combination of types, however, making up what 
- may be considered the summer range, including the tobosa-grass and 
burro-grass flats, and the black brush-creosote bush type extending 
from the flats into the foothills, the figures for the area designated in 
figure 2 as Pasture 13 are fairly representative. 
This pasture contains 9,517 acres, of which 8,912 is a combination 
black brush-creosote bush type. It receives the surplus run-off from 
an area twice to three times its size. There are many small flats 
which flood and which have a high carrying capacity for summer 
range. The general average, however, is greatly lowered by the dry 
ridges and slopes which support little but creosote bush or black 
brush of no value as forage. Black grama and other grasses among 
the brush type furnish considerable feed on the drier parts of the 
flats. 
During 1916 this pasture was grazed heavily in summer and lightly 
in winter, and furnished, on an average, 365 days’ feed for one animal 
(cows, with unweaned calves, and bulls) on 37.4 acres. The area is, 
perhaps, a little better than the average for this class of range. Pas- 
ture 1, containmg 74,714 acres, furnished yearlong grazing during 
1916 at the rate of 45.2 acres per head. It was estimated to be only 
90 per cent stocked, which would give a carrying capacity, if fully 
stocked, of 40.7 acres per head. ‘The indications are that this class of 
range as a whole will support one animal throughout the year on from 
38 to 45 acres, according to the proportion of flats subject to flooding 
and to the extent of the range similar to that shown in Plate VIII. 
MOUNTAIN RANGE. 
The lower hills and mountaim range on the west slope of the San 
Andreas Mountains in 1916 furnished 365 days” feed for one animal 
(yearlings and horses) on each 53.33 acres. The area was regarded 
as about 15 per cent overstocked, since the animals did not hold up 
well, and portions of the range near water were slightly overgrazed. 
This area, therefore, will support only one head to each 60 acres until 
more water is developed. There are a number of barren areas and 
inaccessible spots. Three additional stock-watering tanks were con- 
