20 BULLETIN 595, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
particles of fine sand cemented together is found overlying this 
bed of gravel. Water does not leach readily through this compact 
layer. 
The results from the Archer station are so meager that no definite 
conclusions can be drawn. In 1914 there was a total failure due to 
winterkilling under all methods, while in 1916 the stands on the 
disked corn ground and green-manure plats were destroyed by drift- 
ing soil from an adjacent field. Summer tillage has produced higher 
average yields than the continuous cropping methods for which three 
years’ results are available. The average yields from early fall 
plowing and late fall plowing are approximately equal and are slightly 
higher than the yields from listing and subsoiling. (Table XI.) 
TaBLe XI.— Yields and cost of production of winter wheat by different methods at the 
Archer Field Station, 1914 to 1916, inclusive. 
Nl 
pyal 5 
ree ield per acre (bushels) 
Treatment and previous crop. Cs SSS 
averaged.) 4944 1915 1916 | Average. 
Early fall plowed: Winter wheat.............---.--- 1 0 24.7 7.4 10.7 
Late fall plowed: Winter wheat............-...-.-.-- i 0 25.9 4.2 10.0 
ALISTed sane bin heaitam tema te 2 eee ee nae es il) 0 21.2 5.4 8.9 
Subsovled:-aWarmen wheats eseoseeee see eases 1 0 24.2 2.4 8.9 
Disked Compe. 2F-B beck ose Sees Meese a Se ew ee 3 0 PAfo lb (a) 13.6 
Green manured: 
ATLAS ya ees hae CVs 9 A aD ae) Balle A 1 0 25.3 (2) 12.7 
AWilthn pea Sis See ee me a aes Ue aim ak ahs on ee 1 0 29.7 (a) 14.9 
Motalioriaverageeaspesae ee eaee eee ee eee 2 Berea ae Hes aye ea intra | 13.8 
Summentilledase ssc see ee oe ae eas See 3 (0) 26.4 e11.4 12.6 
Averace ofall il 2iplats na jase peeece eee eeeeseise sees |eee cee ae ceeeicne 26.0 46.2 10.7 
SUMMARY OF YIELDS AND DIGEST OF COST. 
Tillage treatment. Previous crop. 
Yields, values, etc. Early | Late Green | Sum- A 
(average per acre). fall | fall | Listed | SUP |Disked| ma- | mer | Wi@tet Corn 
plowed Bove on | ral on ie tilled (4 Ee ) 
1 1 plat). | plats). 2 (3 plats). 
plat). | plat). a: plats). | plats). | Plats). 
Yields of grain: 
WOME ee essa ce bushels. . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
LOLS ee ee eee do.. 24.7 25.9 21.2) 24.2 27.1 27.5 26.4 24.0 27.1 
TOG eae ese do 7.4 4.2 5.4 2.4] (a) (2) c 11.4 4.9| (a) 
IAVOTAPC Lae rs ssss 5: 10.7 10.0 8.9 8.9 | 13.6 13.8 12.6 9.6 13.6 
Crop value, cost, etc.: 
Values s S5-eo reas 2a « $7.49 | $7.00 | 86.23 $6.23 | $9.52 | $9:.66')  $8.82))---.-2e.)5---.--- 
@ostiss ssece 20 eee Gu 6.32 5.65 5.03 7.03 4.25 13. 96 LONG45) seen ieteaesae 
Profitiorlosse--ee oe cee HSU 1.35 1.20 | —0.80 S221 |) — 4530" | — i Sa eels raetalierereteatel ate 
a Stands destroyed by drifting soil in 1916. 
b Two plats in 1914. 
c One plat in 1916; stands on the others destroyed by drifting soil. 
d Five plats in 1916. 
Late fall plowing has been slightly more profitable than either 
early fall plowing or listing. Green manuring, summer tillage, and 
