616 Frank F,. Lemon : 



flightless birds of the Antarctic regions ; such birds as these 

 need rigorous and careful safeguarding during the time 

 when they are rearing their young. Property regulated 

 and enforced close times afford the strongest and best kind 

 of protection possible, and here the powerful aid of game- 

 preservers may be reckoned upon and is invaluable, 

 especially when game-preserving is carried on in a broad- 

 minded and intelligent way by those who do not see danger 

 to game and wild-fowl in every bird that does not happen 

 to be one or the other. All true sportsmen have a chival- 

 rous and punctilious regard for the breeding-seasons of the 

 creatures which they hunt and kill in the subsequent open 

 season, and were it not for the wide tracts of land strictly 

 preserved by land-owners, England would in all probability 

 be at this moment a comparatively bird-less country, 

 instead of one of the countries of the world numerically 

 the richest in its bird population. 



(3) Protection for spring migrants. Many dangers 

 await birds on their long flight across land and sea, 

 especially when they halt with the object of resting on 

 their passage, as, for example, Swallows, Martins, Nightin- 

 gales, and others ; and for this purpose the co-operation of 

 all nations should be invoked. 



(4) Such prohibitory laws as will control or forbid the 

 use of traps, such as the Pole-trap, and of certain poisons, 

 bird-lime, nets and snares, including the last new English 

 abomination, " Snarglu." 



(5) Régulations as to the exportation of live birds. 

 Regulations are needed to prevent the keeping in captivity 

 of native and other wild birds which are unsuited for cage 

 life, and to prohibit the export of all such birds. This is 

 not dealt with in England excej>t in cases of cruelty which 

 come under the Wild Animals in Captivity Act, 1900. 



The Model Law, propounded by the Audubon Societies, 

 and adopted in several of the United States, prevents the 

 holding of live birds in captivity, or the traffic in them, 

 except where permission is given to a citizen of the State to 

 keep a pet bird, provided the same is not sold or shipped out 

 of the State. 



