The Rationale of Bird Protection. 621 



tuaries " may be established wherein no birds may be killed 

 (1896) and wherein no eggs may be taken (1894). Bird- 

 catching on Sundays can be prohibited. 



It is left to the Councils of Counties or County Boroughs 

 to apply for Orders 1 under these Acts. 



By the Acts of 1896 and 1902 the Courts were empowered, 

 in addition to the penalties by fine (maximum £1), to forfeit 

 traps, nets, and decoy birds (1896), and the bird or egg" 

 illegally taken (1902). 



By the Acts of 1904 the use of the pole-trap was made 

 illegal, and legislation for the Island of St. Kilda was passed. 

 The Act of 1896 does not apply to Ireland. 



Isle of Man. — The Act of 1868 prohibits the killing of all 

 Gulls and the taking of their eggs (" Gulls " including 

 Gannets, Shags, Guillemots, Kittiwakes, and Skuas). 



The Act of 1887 prohibits the killing or taking of all wild 

 birds and the destruction of nests and eggs, February 1st to 

 September 1st (with a higher penalty for scheduled birds) , 

 and the use of all nets, snares, traps, lime or lantern, for 

 taking wild birds at any time. 



Jersey. — The Act of 1879 protects all sea-birds, and forbids 

 their sale or exposure for sale, or transport, between 

 April 1st and August 1st; and also prohibits the killing of 

 Gulls at any time. 



Cyprus. — The Act of 1883 (No. 2) provides for the pro- 

 tection of birds " during the time when the island is infested 

 with locusts " (February 15th to August 1st). By the Act of 

 1895 (No. 3) the High Commissioner may permit the killing 

 of birds or taking of eggs in the interests of science. A 

 recent Act (1904) (No. 13) declares it illegal to export the 

 skins or eggs of any wild bird, except with special per- 

 mission, and also creates eight areas wherein no birds may 

 be killed. 



Gibraltar. — The Ordinance of 1885 prohibits all persons 

 from killing, taking, or attempting to kill or take birds, or 

 using any decoy bird or other instrument for such purpose 

 without being duly authorised. [Such authorisation is 

 practically never granted.] 



1 There are at present 140 such Orders in force. 



