UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



J^^^j-u 



BULLETIN No. 827 mm 



Contribution from the Bureau of Animal Industry 

 JOHN R. MOHLER, Chief 



J&?^Ul* 



Washington, D. C. 



May 26, 1921 



THE CUT-OVER PINE LANDS OF THE SOUTH 

 FOR BEEF-CATTLE PRODUCTION. 



By F. W. Fakley and S. W. Greene, Animal Husbandry Division, Bureau of 



Animal Industry. 



CONTENTS. 



Page. 



Extent of the cut-over lands 2 



Survey of the cut-over lands 5 



Objects and plan, of procedure..- 5 



Status of the beef-cattle industry 6 



Number and value of cattle 6 



Size and quality of cattle 8 



Work accomplished in improv- 

 ing native cattle 11 



Native cattle for foundation 



herds 12 



Adaptation of cut-over lands for 



beef cattle 13 



Climate - 14 



Area in farms and grazing 



lands 14 



Soils and topography 15 



Page. 

 Adaptation of cut-over lands for 

 beef cattle — Continued. 



Ownership of lands and size of 



holdings 16 



Improvement of cattle 19 



Pastures . 20 



Winter feeds— 34 



Concentrated feeds 38 



Silage crops 42 



Recommendations for winter 



feeding 43 



Buildings and shelter 46 



Diseases and pests 47 



Water supply 48 



Markets 49 



Experimental work of immediate 



importance ~ 49 



In the summer of 1917 the Bureau of Animal Industry, United 

 States Department of Agriculture, in cooperation with the Missis- 

 sippi experiment station, established at Collins, Miss., a branch beef- 

 cattle experiment station to determine practical methods to follow 

 in growing beef on cut-over pine lands. Soon after the station was 

 established and plans for the work were put under way it was 

 realized that, before further experiments were conducted, more defi- 

 nite information should be obtained concerning the resources and 

 possibilities for beef-cattle production on cut-over pine lands. 



S. W. Greene, who was in charge of the work at Collins, was de- 

 tailed by the Bureau of Animal Industry to make a survey of the 

 " Piney Woods " region and collect information along these lines. 

 The data collected by Mr. Greene are included in this publication. 



141959° — 21— Bull. 827 1 



