8 BULLETIN 833, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



and immediately begin movement. The body is swayed back and 

 forth with contractions of the abdomen which is still inserted within 

 the gall, the latter acting as a fulcrum. In about two minutes from 

 the time at which the adult is first seen to break through the gall, the 

 entire body is freed from its pupal skin. The pupal skin remains 

 protruding from the empty gall case, as seen in Plate II, A. With a 

 convulsive motion the insect gains a foothold by thrusting out the 

 legs and was observed almost immediately to travel rapidly to the 

 underside of the leaf, assuming a position at right angles to the leaf 

 surface. In this hanging position, which is characteristic of the 

 adult female, it remained over an hour, occasionally fluttering its 

 wings. Upon being disturbed it made a very short flight and re- 

 turned to the underside of the same leaf. Evidently the above- 

 described position is assumed to allow for drying and inflation of the 

 wings. 



Mating. — A male was observed to fertilize a female approximately 

 3 minutes after the emergence of the latter, the entire operation 

 taking 10 seconds. One male was observed to fertilize three females 

 in rapid succession. 



Table I. — Longevity of adults and date of oviposition. 



Cage. 



Adult emerged. 



1917. 

 Apr. 2, a.m.. 

 Apr. 5, a. m. . 

 Apr. 6, a. m . . 



Apr. 10, a. m. 



do 



Apr. 11, a. m. 

 Apr. 12, a. m. 



Apr. 13, a.m. 



.do. 



do 



Apr. 17, a. m. 



1918. 

 Jan. 31, a. m., 



do 



do 



do 



Feb. 1, a. m. . 

 Feb. 11, a. m. 

 Mar. 14, a. m. 

 July 10, a. m. 

 July 17, a. m. 



July 18, a. m. 

 July 19, a. m. 

 Aug. 2, a. m.. 

 Aug. 3, a. m. . 

 Aug. 5, a. m . . 

 Sept. 2, a. m.. 



Number. 



Male 



Fe- 

 male 



Oviposition. 



Adults died. 



None. . 



do. 



do. 



Apr. 10. 

 None... 



.do. 

 .do. 



Apr. 13. 



.do. 



None.. 

 do. 



....do.. 

 Jan. 31 . 

 ....do., 

 ....do.. 

 Feb. 1.. 

 Feb. 11. 



July 10. 



Aug. 3. 

 Aug. 5 . 



Male. 



Apr. 6, p. m., 2. 

 Apr. 7, a. m. , 1 . 

 Apr. 10, p. m — 



Apr. 10, p. m. 



Apr. 13, p. m.,2 



Apr. 14, a. m. 

 Apr. 13, p. m. 



Lost . 



Mar. 15, a. m. 

 July 17, p. m. 



July 20, a. m. 

 Aug. 3, a. m.. 



Sept. 2, p. m. 



Apr. 5, a. m. 

 Apr. 8, a. m. 



Apr. 11, a. m. 



Apr. 12, a. m. 

 Apr. 13, p. m. 



do 



Apr. 14, a. m. 



Apr. 14, a. m. 



Apr. 14, a. m. 

 Apr. 17, a. m. 

 Apr. 20, a. m. 



Feb. 1, a. m. . 

 Feb. 2, a. m. . 

 Feb. 1, a. m. . 

 Feb. 2, a. m.. 



....do 



Feb. 13, a. m. 



July 11, a. m. 



July 18, a. m. 

 July 20, a. m . 



Aug. 3, a. m. 

 Aug. 6, a. m. 



Length 

 of life. 



Days. 

 3 

 3 

 i 

 l 

 4 

 l 

 i 



12 

 »2* 



1* 

 2 

 i 



i 1 



li 

 i 



li 



' 4 

 3 



1 Female not fertilized and did not deposit eggs. 



