CAPILLARY MOVEMENT OF SOIL MOISTURE. 



15 



perature corresponding to the daily and monthly variations in tem- 

 perature of the atmosphere at Riverside. 



A feature of the experiments not -usually included is a record of 

 the quantity of water required to extend the moisture to various 

 heights. 



Below is given a list of the vertical flumes and the soil placed in 

 each. 



Flume 19 was filled with decomposed granite from Eiverside, 

 Calif. 



Flume 43 was filled with heavy soil from Eiverside, Calif. 



Flume 63 was filled with heavy clay soil from Whittier, Calif. 



Flume 80 was filled with gravel soil from Uplands, Calif. 



Flume 100 was filled with lava-ash soil from Central Idaho. 



Flume -209 was filled with sandy soil from Central Idaho. 





















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fi°l9,Riverside light soil, 



N°43. Riverside heavy soil 



/i°63, Whittier soil 



NQSO.Uplands soil 



A'flOO, Idaho lava ash soil 



r/o209,ldaho sandy soil 



Fig. 2. — Rate of movement of moisture in vertical columns of soil. The numbers- within 

 circles indicate the' point at which that number of liters of water had been taken up. 



The moisture equivalent, in per cent, for these soils is as follows : 

 Eiverside, light, 7.9 ; Eiverside, heavy, 11.1 ; Whittier, 38.3 ; Uplands, 

 6.6; Idaho lava-ash, 18.3; and Idaho sand, 4.7. 



Figure 2 shows the curve's derived from the measurements of the 

 rate of movement of moisture in the flumes and the time of such 

 measurements. The vertical element is the distance measured in 

 inches and the horizontal element is the time in hours or days. The 

 figure to the left shows the rate of movement by hours for the first 

 24 hours and the figures to the right the movement by days. 



The curves are parabolos or closely resemble parabolic curves. A 

 very rapid movement of the moisture occurs for the first, few hours 

 of the experiment, After the first few "hours there is a rather rapid 

 slowing down of the rate of movement and after about the fifth day 

 the rate of movement is rather uniform, growing slightly slower day 

 by day. 



