CONTENTS. 5 



Department Bulletin No. 137 — Continued. Pa ? e - 



Variations in the culm 10 



Leaf characters 13 



The density of the spike 16 



Fertility 23 



The empty, or outer, glumes 24 



The flowering glumes 24 



The Svalof characters 26 



Variations in the kernel 28 



Pigmentation 30 



Summary 34 



Department Bulletin No. 138. — Commercial Turkestan Alpalpa Seed: 



Introduction 1 



Source of surplus alfalfa seed 1 



European estimate of commercial Turkestan alfalfa 2 



Comparative value of Turkestan alfalfa in the United States 3 



Commercial Turkestan alfalfa not adapted to general use in the United 



States 4 



How commercial Turkestan alfalfa seed can be identified 5 



Summary 6 



Department Bulletin No. 139.— Norway Pine in the Lake States: 



Importance of Norway pine in forest management 1 



Botanical and commercial range 2 



Climate, topography, and soil 2 



Gross botanical characteristics 4 



Habit and root system 4 



Size and logevity 4 



Tolerance. 5 



Reproduction 5 



Susceptibility to injury 7 



The wood 7 



Forest types 11 



1 Competition with other species 12 



Supply and cut 12 



Grades 13 



Prices 13 



Markets 14 



Uses 14 



Growth and yield 15 



Management 25 



Appendix: Volume tables 34 



Department Bulletin No. 140. — Soils of Massachusetts and Connecti- 

 cut, with Especial Reference to Apples and Peaches: 



Surface features 1 



The soil material 6 



Climate 8 



Soils of southern New England 9 



Soils of the different sections of the States 12 



Orcharding; general conditions in the future 29 



Cultural methods in orchards 32 



Usual type of farm-orchard development in Massachusetts and in western 



New York 34 



Relative production of apples in southern New England 35 



Relation of soil characters to crop and varietal adaptation 37 



The adaptedness of soils to different varieties of apples 47 



Classification of soils 51 



Miscellaneous notes on soil -varietal adaptation 64 



The adaptedness of soils to varieties of peaches 65 



Summary 70 



Department Bulletin No. 141. — The Clyde Series op Solls: 



Introduction i 



Geographical distribution 2 



The glacial lake and river terrace soil province 4 



Geological origin of the soils of the Clyde series 4 



Formation of glacial lake deposits. 7 



Topographic relationships of the soils of the Clyde series 11 



