76 BULLETIN 126, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 



forms removed. The slopes were then covered with burlap and kept 

 moistened as described. The construction methods used on this 

 canal are shown in Plate XI, figures 1, 2, and 3. 



A tapering strip of wood, as shown in figure 3, li, forms the expan- 

 sion and contraction joint between each section of concrete. The 

 specifications called for the removal of these strips and the filling of 

 the spaces with hot asphalt, but this was not done. 



YAKIMA PROJECT, UNITED STATES RECLAMATION SERVICE, NORTH YAKIMA, WASH. 



The Tieton main canal, located in the canyon division of this 

 project, was provided for 10 miles of its length with concrete lining. 

 Actual work commenced in 1907 and was finished in 1909. The 

 steepness of the cross slopes, involving large excavation quantities 

 per square foot of water area, and the lack of water-tightness in the 

 material, made necessary an impervious canal and one that would 



6 - n withstand a high 



/." , Cnnr.rp ff ! i Cro ssbar ,-4 -. . ,-p,-, 



2 bars '/d'/o- ' ^ == rrz-zrz^zi^^=r^=^ . * velocity. Ihese re- 



;;/ ! W* "" " "" r \s' ,,j^ quircments, together 



« n -Xj0mMmm^M -t t — '— ^ HlfefC/ with a large! v inac- 



o^ '^M 4 ' ctoc -\ MP*^ cessible locality hav- 



V \% | s bars Y4-2jJm%™ °° de i n g difficult working 



Cr^v "^ -• 7sy/s& conditions, compelled 



• 7 fe^s^^^^^^j># the use of a minimum 



•'■•;■■■■■ 62 ■• • • volume ol lining, 



Fig. 10. — Cross section of open concrete-lined canal, Yakima project, which it SPPlTlcd fld- 

 U. S. Reclamation Service, North Yakima, Wash. . 



visable to make ol 

 molded concrete shapes cast in central yards. The cross section used 

 for canals is shown in figure 10 and a portion of the constructed 

 canal in figure 11. 



Curves of 57.6 feet radius were the maximum curvature used, and 

 in some cases these were reversed with only a foot or two of tangent 

 between. The canal was intended to have a carrying capacity of 

 300 second-feet. 



The concrete aggregate was river gravel and sand and crushed 

 gravel. The cost of manufacture of the lining per cubic yard was: 



Cost of manufacture of lining for Tieton Canal. 



Labor SO. 094 



Material (cement and steel ) 9. 370 



Plant charge 4. 579 



Engineering and inspection 324 



General... .. 2.830 



Total 23.197 



The cost of placing and jointing a total of 49,494 lineal feet, includ- 

 ing 23,295 shapes, raised the above cost to $32.05 per cubic yard, or 

 $7.42 per lineal foot, 



