NORTH AMERICAN RAILS AND THEIR ALLIES. 



Fall migration. 



Place. 



Southeastern South Dakota . 



Eastern Nebraska 



Iudianola, Iowa 



Hickman, Ky 



Bonham, Tex 



Num- 

 ber of 

 years' 

 records. 



Average 

 date of 

 fall ar- 

 rival. 



Sept. 8 

 Oct. 6 



Earliest d 



of fall 



arrival. 



Sept. 8,1891 

 Sept. 19, 1891 

 Sept. 4,1902 

 Aug. 26,1886 

 Oct. 8, 1888 



Place. 



Num- 

 ber of 

 years' 

 records. 



Average 



date of 



the last 



one seen. 



Latest date 

 of the last 

 one seen. 



Aweme, Man 



Harrison, S. Dak 



Eastern Nebraska ..... 



Onaga, Kans "... 



Heron Lake, Minn 



Decatur County, Iowa. 

 Bonham, Tex 



Oct. 10 

 Oct. 29 

 Oct. 26 



3 Nov. 19 



Oct. 12,1904 

 Nov. 1, 1891 

 Nov. 12, 1890 

 Oct. 18,1907 

 Nov. 13,1885 

 Nov. 12,1871 

 Nov. 22, 1888 



LITTLE BROWN CRANE. Grus canadensis (Linnaeus). 



Range. — North America from the Arctic islands to central Mexico. 



Breeding range. — The little brown crane is the northern represen- 

 tative of the common sandhill crane of the United States, and breeds 

 north to Ponds Bay, Baffin Land, latitude 73° (McClintock), Bay of 

 Mercy, Banks Land, latitude 74° (Armstrong), and Colville River, 

 Alaska, latitude 71° (Murdock); and ranges north in migration to 

 Point Barrow (Stone). It breeds west to Kotzebue Sound, Alaska 

 (Grinnell), Semiavine Strait, Siberia CNordenskjold), Lawrence and 

 Matthew Islands, Alaska (Nelson) ; and migrates still farther west to 

 the Near Islands, Alaska (Turner). The breeding range extends 

 south to the Nushagak River, Alaska (McKay), Big Island, Macken- 

 zie (Coues), and near Cape Eskimo, Keewatin (Preble); and east to 

 Southampton Island, Keewatin (Eifrig), and Igloolik, Melville 

 Peninsula (Parry). The summer home therefore is a parallelogram, 

 2,500 miles from east to west and one- third as much from north to 

 south. 



Winter range. — Compared with the above outlined breeding range, 

 the little brown crane occupies a comparatively small area during the 

 winter season, extending from San Patricio, Tex. (Senriett), to Rio 

 Verde, San Luis Potosi (Allen), Silao, Guanajuato (Nelson), and La 

 Barca, Jalisco (Nelson and Goldman). A specimen was taken at 

 San Rafael Mission near San Francisco, Cal., in January (Buturlin), 

 but this probably was an accidental occurrence. 



Migration range. — The little brown crane is a migrant in the 

 region of the Rocky Mountains and the Great Plains lying imme- 

 diately between the summer and the winter homes, but even here the 



