NORTH AMERICAN RAILS AND THEIR ALLIES. 9 



Island, September 22, 1905 (Moore); Natick Hill, R. I., October 9, 

 1889 (Howe and Sturtevant); and near Mount Pleasant, S. C, 

 October 18, 1890 (Wayne). The species is rare on the Pacific slope, 

 but has been noted at Chilliwack, B. C. (Brooks); Roy, Wash. 

 (Thayer); Fort Klamath, Oreg. (Merrill); Ash Meadows, Nev. 

 (Fisher); and Los Angeles, Cal. (Grinnell). 



Spring migration. — The arrival of the species in spring has been 

 noted in Clark County, Mo., April 10, 1896 (Widmann); Whiting, 

 Iowa, April 6, 1886 (Anderson); near Johnstown, Wis., April 4, 1894 

 (Kumlien and Hollister); Portage la Prairie, Man., May 5, 1898 

 (Atkinson); Carlton House, Sask., April 28, 1827 (Richardson); 

 Indian Head, Sask., April 28, 1910 (Lang); Fort Vermilion, Alta., 

 April 24, 1906 (White); Hay River, Mackenzie, May 1, 1908 (Jones); 

 Fort Resolution, Mackenzie, May 7, 1860 (Kennicott); Fort Provi- 

 dence, Mackenzie, April 28, 1905 (Jones); Fort Simpson, Mackenzie, 

 May 9, 1904 (Preble); Felix Harbor, Franklin, latitude 70°, June 4, 

 1830 (Ross); Igloolik, Franklin, latitude 69°, June 25, 1823 (Parry); 

 Los Angeles, Cal., March 21, 1904 (Grinnell); Ash Meadows, Nev., 

 March 10, 1891 (Fisher); Okanogan Landing, B. C, April 20, 1906 

 (Brooks); Fort Kenai, Alaska, May 4, 1869 (Bischof); St. Michael, 

 Alaska, May 7 (Nelson); near Kigulik Mountains, Alaska, May 10, 

 1905 (Anthony); Kowak River, Alaska, May 14, 1899 (Grinnell); 

 Point Barrow, Alaska, June 1, 1883 (Murdock); and Bay of Mercy, 

 Franklin, middle of May, 1852 (Armstrong). 



If these isolated records represent the average dates of migration, 

 then the little brown crane occupies about 65 days in passing the 

 2,800 miles from southern California to Banks Land, an average of 

 about 40 miles a day or scarcely an hour's flight. 



Eggs have been found at St. Michael, Alaska, May 27, 1879 (Nel- 

 son) ; Kowak River, Alaska, June 14, 1899 (Grinnell) ; and young 

 just hatched at Montreal Island, Mackenzie, August 2, 1834 (King). 



Fall migration. — Little brown cranes that had nested in Siberia 

 were observed August 18, 1880, crossing Bering Strait to Alaska 

 (Bean), and this probably represents about the beginning of the fall 

 migration. The birds continue to pass south for a month and the last 

 one seen is reported on Kowak River, September 4, 1898 (Grinnell) ; 

 St. Michael, Alaska, September 27, 1880 (Nelson); Fort Reliance, 

 Mackenzie, September 14, 1907 (Seton) ; near Athabasca Landing, 

 Alta., September 22, 1903 (Preble) ; Terry, Mont., October 10, 1898 

 (Cameron) ; Okanogan Landing, B. C, September 22, 1888 (Brooks) ; 

 Edmonds County, S. Dak., October 22, 1883 (specimen in U. S. 

 National Museum) ; Glendo, Wyo., October 7, 1898 (Jesurun) ; and 

 Bee County, Tex., October 25, 1887 (Sennett). 

 50602°— 14 2 



