32 



BULLETIN 136, U. S. DEPABTMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. 



in accordance with the requirements of the State highway commis- 

 sioner and under the supervision of his engineers. In four counties 

 in Virginia the roads are built under this plan. In Dallas County, 

 Ala., the construction of bond-built roads was in charge of the four 

 district commissioners and the probate judge. In Manatee County, 

 Fla., the roads were built under the supervision of the five district 

 county commissioners. In Lauderdale County, Miss., the county 

 supervisors appointed a road commission of three members to con- 

 struct the roads under the bond issue, and a highway engineer was 

 employed and all work done by contract. In Franklin County, N. Y., 

 the roads were constructed by the county road commissioners and the 

 county superintendent of roads. In Wayne County, Mich., the roads 

 were built by the board of county road commissioners, appointed by 

 the county board of supervisors. 



The following table shows the mileage and cost of roads constructed 

 in each county: 



Table 19. — Mileage and cost of roads in nine counties where bonds were issued. 



County and State. 



Miles 

 built. 



Dallas, Ala 



Manatee, Fla 



Lauderdale, Miss. 



Spotsylvania, Va. 

 Dinwiddie, Va.. . 

 Franklin, N. Y... 



Lee, Va 



Wise, Va 



Wayne, Mich. 



197 

 6-1 



84 



41 

 125 

 124 



84 



131 



83. 



Per cent 

 of total 



mileage in 

 county, 



19.0 



12.8 



10. 5 



10.0 

 25.0 



9.0 



18.2 

 43.7 

 5.8 



Gravel 



Sand-clay 



Macadam 



Shell 



Macadam 1 



Sand-clay 



Gravel and sand-clay 

 Gravel and top soil.. . 



Gravel 



Macadam 



do 



Earth graded 



Macadam 



Earth graded 



Concrete - 



Average 



cost per 



mile. 



S3, 700 

 1,650 

 4,250 

 2,400 

 6,500 

 1,900 

 2,200 

 1,689 

 2,200 

 3,250 

 7,400 

 5,000 

 8,000 

 5,300 



13,200 



Surface treated with petroleum asphalt. 



2 Eighty miles. 



In no one of these counties, with the exception of Detroit, in Wayne 

 County, Mich., were there any large cities. The roads were, for the 

 most part, constructed as market roads radiating from the main 

 market towns in the county, as may be seen from the maps of Plates 

 IV, VI, and IX. The economic benefits accruing to the several 

 counties from the improvement of the roads are already apparent, 

 and in several instances have been extraordinary. (Cf. Pis. V, VII, 

 and VIII.) 



In Dallas County, Ala., and Lauderdale County, Miss., cotton is 

 the principal crop, although in the latter county lumber is also an 

 important commodity. Lumber and ties form, also, the principal 

 commodity hauled in Spotsylvania County, Va. In Dinwiddie 

 County the principal commodities are tobacco, peanuts, and hay; 

 in Lee County farm and dairy products, hardwood, lumber, and coal; 

 and in Franklin County, N. Y., milk and miscellaneous farm products. 



