NOBWAY PINE IN THE LAKE STATES. 



37 



the ground. Trees of the same diameter and height may vary in 

 form and volume considerably. Those trees which most closely ap- 

 proach cylindrical form contain the greatest volume and have the 

 largest form factors. Old trees, with short crowns and long clear 

 boles, which have grown in dense stands, have the fullest form, while 

 young, rapidly growing, open-grown trees with short boles and long 

 crowns will have the least volume for their diameter and height. 

 Yet saplings grown in crowded stands may have a very high form 

 factor, as may be seen in Table 23, which gives the factors for Norway 

 pine of different heights and diameters and an average form factor for 

 all heights on the basis of diameter; 306 trees were measured for this 

 table. 



Table 23. — Form factors of Norway pine, on basis of volume in cubic feet, based on 

 diameter and total height in feet. 





Total height of tree (feet). 



Diameter 

 breast- 

 high 

 (inches). 



40 



50 



60 



70 



80 



90 



100 



All 



heights. 









Form factor. 









5 



0.567 

 .553 

 .541 

 .529 

 .519 

 .510 

 .502 

 .495 

 .489 



0.576 

 .562 

 .549 

 .538 

 .527 

 .519 

 .511 

 .505 

 .499 

 .495 

 .491 



0.584 

 .569 

 .556 

 .544 

 .534 

 .527 

 .520 

 .514 

 .509 

 .505 

 .502 

 .499 











0.542 



6 



0.576 

 .561 

 .549 

 .539 

 .532 

 .526 

 .521 

 .517 

 .513 

 .510 

 .507 

 .505 

 .503 

 .501 









.540 



7 









.538 



8 



0.557 

 .547 

 .540 

 .534 

 .530 

 .526 

 .523 

 .521 

 .517 

 .514 

 .512 

 .509 

 .507 

 .504 

 .502 







.536 



9 



0.555 

 .548 

 .542 

 .538 

 .535 

 .532 

 .529 

 .526 

 .523 

 .520 

 .518 

 .515 

 .513 

 .511 





.534 



10 

 11 

 12 

 13 

 14 



0.553 

 .549 

 .546 

 .543 

 .540 

 .537 

 .534 

 .531 

 .529 

 .527 

 .524 

 .522 

 .520 



.533 

 .531 

 .530 

 .529 

 .528 



15 





.527 



16 





.526 



17 







.525 



18 









.524 



19 















.523 



20 









.522 



21 











.522 



22 











.521 















Converting factors by which cubic volumes may be expressed in 

 equivalent board-feet contents, are shown in Table 24 for trees from 

 8 to 20 inches and 80 feet high. This was obtained by dividing the 

 values in Table 21. 



Table 24. — Board feet — cubic-foot converting factors for Norway pine trees 80 feet in 



height on basis of diameter. 



Diameter 





Diameter 





breast- 



Convert- 



breast- 



Convert- 



high 



ing factor. 



high 



ing factor. 



(inches). 





(inches). 





8 



3.3 



15 



5.0 



9 



3.7 



16 



5.0 



10 



4.1 



17 



5.1 



11 



4.4 



18 



5.2 



12 



4.5 



19 



5.3 



13 



4.7 



20 



5.4 



14 



4.9 







