28 BULLETIN 141, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



should be applied to the intertilled crops in general farm practice 

 and to all of the crops grown in market gardening or small-fruit 

 production. 



Many thousands of acres of the Clyde fine sand are utilized only 

 for pasturage or the cutting of wild grasses. Most of the remain- 

 ing area is used principally- for a type of mixed general farming 

 and stock growing. Only small areas are used for the more intensive 

 forms of market gardening and small-fruit cultivation. Wherever 

 markets for the products are available, the type is far better suited 

 to the latter uses than to general farming. 



The farm equipment of the Clyde fine sand is not materially dif- 

 ferent from that of other areas in the general farming section of 

 the north-central States. It usually consists of a frame dwelling 

 and of large or small barns, depending upon whether the chief 

 interests of the farm center in cattle feeding or in the production 

 of crops for sale. Large teams and heavy machinery are commonly 

 employed in the tillage of the type. 



CLYDE SANDY LOAM. 



The Clyde sandy loam has been encountered in seven soil-survey 

 areas, located in Indiana, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. 

 A total area of 127,296 acres has thus far been mapped. By far the 

 largest proportion of this area has been encountered in the Saginaw 

 Bay region in the southern part of Michigan. In fact the other 

 areas of its occurrence are small and scattered. 



The Clyde sandy loam to an average depth of from 8 to 12 inches 

 is a dark-gray, brown, or almost black medium-textured sandy loam. 

 The surface soil contains varying amounts of organic matter. In 

 the lower-lying locations, in all depressions, and where drainage has 

 been seriously obstructed there is a considerable accumulation of 

 dark, mucky organic matter in the surface soil. Upon slopes and 

 somewhat higher ridges, which frequently occur through the type, or- 

 ganic matter is present in less proportion and the surface soil becomes 

 gray or light brown in color. In almost all cases the surface soil 

 grades downward into a medium to fine sandy loam, which is usually 

 darker just beneath the surface soil, but becomes gray or mottled 

 gray, drab, or yellow at greater depths. At a depth of 3 feet or 

 more the subsoil becomes a sticky, somewhat sandy clay. 



The characteristic surface features of the Clyde sandy loam vary 

 somewhat in the different localities where it has been found. This 

 arises from the fact there have been some slight differences in 

 the method of formation of the different areas of the type. In 

 Greene County, Ind., the surface of the Clyde sandy loam is almost 

 absolutely level and depressed below the upland areas in the por- 



