PLANTS — INSECTICIDAL PROPERTIES. 33 



Chrysanthemum marschallii Aschers. Synonym : Pyrethrum roseum Bieb. 

 Caucasian insect flowers. Caucasian region. 



This is one of the three species, recognized by the Insecticide and 

 Fungicide Board of the United States Department of Agriculture 

 (57, p. 1), from which genuine insect powder is made. 



Chrysanthemum myconis L. Mediterranean region. 



Passerini (66) says that the flower heads killed dog fleas, although 

 very slowly. 



Chrysanthemum parthenium (L.) Pers. Synonyms: Matricaria parthenium 

 L., Pyrethrum parthenium J. E. Smith. Feverfew. Europe, adventitious in 

 the United States. 



Glover (34, p. 133) says that when the flowers are dried and per- 

 fectly fresh they have an effect on roaches similar to that of insect 

 powder. 



Kalbruner (47) found the flowers to have a benumbing effect on 

 flies, acting within one or two hours. 



Passerini (66) says that the flower heads of Pyrethrum partheniwni 

 (L.) Bernh. were not effective against the insects tested. 



Chrysanthemum segetum L. Synonym : Pyrethrum segetum Moench. . Corn- 

 marigold. Europe. 



Landerer (51) says that this is used in Greece and is as effective as 

 Persian insect powder, particularly when it is used in fumigating. 



Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. Ranunctieaceae. Synonym: C. serpentaria 

 Pursh. Cohosh bugbane. Eastern United States. 



Sayre (78) says that the powdered roots, used as a dust, had no 

 effect on crickets ; and also used in the form of a f umigant, an alco- 

 holic extract and an aqueous extract, they had little or no effect 

 on the insects. 



Cinchona succirubra Pavon. Rubiaceae. Peru. 



Cook and Hutchison (18, p. 4) ascertained that the powdered bark 

 gave a fairly high percentage of mortality against fly larvae, but it 

 did not seem entirely efficient. 



Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. Cttctjrbitaceae. Synonyms: Cucumis 

 colocynthis L., Colocynthis vulgaris Schrad. Colocynth. Asia, Africa, and 

 southern Europe. 



Greshoff (31, p. 80) reports that a decoction of colocynth serves as 

 an insecticide. 



Scott, Abbott, and Dudley (83, p. 5, 13, 26) found the pulp inef- 

 fective against bedbugs, roaches, and clothes moths, and Abbott 

 (1, p. 7, 11) found it of no value against chicken lice and the dog flea. 



Claviceps purpurea (Fries) Tulasne. 



Gomilevsky (28) reports that a water extract killed aphids, Psylla, 

 thrips, and probably also other sucking insects and those unprotected 

 by hairs. 



