OO GOSSIP ON ANTIQUITY OF MAN. 



the crust of stalagmite, three fragments of a human skull, and t\vo> 

 perfect lower jaws with teeth, all associated in such a manner with 

 the bones of bears, large pachyderms and ruminants, and so 

 precisely resembling these in colour and state of preservation, as to 

 leave no doubt in his mind that man was contemporary with the 

 extinct animals." 



4. The Neanderthal cave. — A human skeleton found near the 

 hottovi of loam which covered the floor of the cave, and the skull 

 near the entrance, as though it had gone into the cave head 

 foremost through some communication with the surface, amongst 

 t}ie first matter washed in. 



5. The skull of an adult individual found in the Engis cave 

 near Liege, associated with the elephant, rhinoceros, bear, tiger, 

 hyena — all of extinct species, but nevertheless accompanied by a 

 bear, stag, wolf, fox, beaver, and many other quadrupeds of species 

 still living — a fact Avhich has considerable bearing on this question,, 

 and which it is as well to keep in remembrance in connection 

 therewith. 



6. Caves of Gower in Glamorganshire, South Wales. — " But 

 the discoverv of most importance, as bearing on the subject of the 

 present work, is the occurrence in a newly discovered cave, called 

 Long Hole, by Colonel Wood, in 1861, of the remains of two 

 species of rhinoceros, R. tichormus and i?. hemitaclms (Falconer), in 

 an undisturbed deposit, in the lower fart of ivhich were some well- 

 shaped flint knives, evidently of human workmanship. It is clear 

 from their position that man was coeval with these two species. 



We have elsewhere independent proofs of his coexistence with 

 every other species of the cave fauna of Glamorganshire ; but this is 

 the first well-authenticated example of the occurrence of i?. 

 hemit(£chus in connection with human implements." 

 River Alluvium : — 



7. M. Boucher de Perthes in the first vol. of his " Antiquitea 

 Celtiques,'''' published in 1847 — states that he found flint imple- 

 ments in the loicest beds of a series of ancient alluvial strata 

 bordering the valley of the Somme, — the tools were stated to occur 

 at various depths, often twenty or thu'ty feet from the surface, in 

 sand and gravel, especially in those strata which were nearly in 

 contact with the subjacent white chalk. 



8. Dr. Rigollot, having inspected the collection of M. Boucher 



