GILPIN — ON THE TROUT AND SALMON. 87 



vertical bars of the Genus Sahno, — is all that I have obtained of its 

 habits. Their flesh is deep yellow in some cases, in others white 

 and of no great flavor. I am indebted to F. W. Putnam, Esq., 

 Salem, for directing my attention to a description of this fish by 

 Girard, in the proceedings of the Philadelphia Institute Natural 

 Sciences, May, 1854, the only notice I believe extant, and thus pre- 

 venting me noticing it as an undescribed species. I here beg to 

 acknowledge his courtesy as well as the scientific knowledge so kindly 

 given to an entire stranger. The following description is taken from 

 specimens given me by Lt. Col. Hardy, the late Archdeacon Willis, 

 and Canon Gilpin. 



Length, about seventeen inches; breadth of widest part from first dorsal, 

 two and a half inches ; length of head, nearly two and a half inches ; the shape 

 of head fine and small, the back rising rather suddenly, from posterior to head, 

 sloping very gradually upward to insertion of dorsal, thence downward to in- 

 sertion of tail, lower line corresponding with line of back ; a long elegant 

 shaped fish with a strong base to a powerful tail ; eye large nearly half an inch 

 in diameter and two diameters from end of nose ; opercles rounded, and with 

 the pre-opercles marked with numerous concentric streaks ; the lower line of 

 inter-opercle parallel with line of the body, labials both upper and lower arched, 

 line of pre-opercle not so rounded as opercle ; the pectoral fins coming out very 

 far forward almost touching the gill rays, dorsal commencing about two lengths 

 of head from tip of nose, sub-quadrangular, free edge concave, ventral about 

 opposite sixth ray of dorsal, adipose fin opposite posterior edge of anal, and 

 caudal deeply cleft, and very nearly the length of head in depth. In one in- 

 stance the tail was square, intermaxillaries, maxillaries, palatines, vomer and 

 tongue armed with sharp and recurved teeth, the teeth on the vomer extending 

 half an inch down the roof of mouth, a fleshy line extending from them to the 

 gullet, the upper jaw notched to receive the lower. In two specimens a pro- 

 longed hook in lower jaw advancing beyond the teeth. Girard says the male fish 

 has adipose fins opposite anterior edge of anal, the female opposite posterior 

 edge. Whilst in the following description taken from a female fish I have 

 verified his remarks, I have added, in the male the adipose fin is very much 

 larger, which is almost the same thing. Colour black above shading down 

 to sepia brown at the lateral line, the brown being the back ground to numerous 

 black spots, some round, some lunatad extending from opercles to tail. The 

 opercles partake of the same general colour with yellow reflections and blue 

 tints, but also marked with spots extending to the pre-opercles, beautifully 

 round and distinct ; sides yellowish and belly white with pearl}?^ tints, the 

 whole covered with bright scales larger about the sides than beneath. The 

 colours vary much by the reflected lights made by turning the fish. The 

 colour of the fins fresh out of water, caudal brown, dorsal brownish black and 

 spotted, lower fins dark brown, edges and tips dark, a very fleeting lavender 

 wash ou dorsal, sides yellowish. In one adult specioien I noticed a few red 

 spots on sides, but in the young fish they are very marked and beautiful. 

 Some seen by myself in July had vertical bars, red spots, were very silvery on 

 sides and all even the smallest had the typical opercukir spots very distinct. 



