1238, 23k, 240, 241] marios — lawkence— coiiah — siwpson. 151 



same material is said to be frequently exhibited on Pearl River below the Ferry; 

 the only mj I have examined is Burnett's Bluff, near Spring Cottage P () , 

 Marion county (about S. 18, T. 1, R. 17 \V.), a section of which is given further 

 on (H ; 502). It consists essentially of green and blue clays, of various degrees of 

 meagrenes*, of which about 32 feet are exhibited, overlaid, on the hills, by about 

 5t) feet of gravelly Orange S.md strata. The same materials crop out on the 

 creek-; inland ; an an ilysis of one of them is given in the place above referred to* 



233. Between Columbia and Monticello, outcrops similar to those just reerred 

 to, occur with frequency, and high Mulls of the same appear about 10 miles 

 above Columbia, near Mr. Hen Barnes', whose interest in the use of the matei ials 

 of these bluffs as fertilizers has g'ven them some note in the State. A special 

 profile of one of (hem is given in another place (1|299);its chief inteiest is 

 derived from the fact that one of the strata is strongly impregnated with car- 

 bonate of lime, which occurs in layers and veins, and at one point seemed to 

 contain chelonian bones — but the most diligent search could not detect any other 

 fossil remains. — An analys : s of this material is given further on (1)300). 



On the banks of Pearl River at Monticello, we find a few feet of the clays in 

 question — the lowest stratum visible being heavy blue clay, gradually becoming 

 more sandy further upwards, and finally passing into yellowish and gray 

 laminated clays. Fragments of lignitized wood, with iron pyrites, occur in this 

 bluff. In the latter, strong mineral waters are obtained. Westward of Monti- 

 cello, a ledge of gray ish-yellow calcareous sandstone about two feet in thickness, 

 is seen in beds ofthe creeks, overlying these clays ; and in its turn overlaid by 

 similar materials, which further inland, form numerous bald, gray clay hilltops. 

 The same occurs in the ridges opposite Monticello, in E. Lawrence, where strata of 

 lignite are said to be found, and on the Monticello and Westville road, we find 

 the gray clay interstratified with small sandstone ledges at two or three 

 different levels. 



239. On the portion of Pearl River embraced in Simpson an' 1 Copiah, both 

 gray or blue clays, and sandstone ledges, appear in several localities, both on the 

 river banks and on the confluents. Thus on S 27, T. 9, II. 21 W., on Pearl 

 River, where gray and reddish gray clay occurs inters'ratified with sandstone 

 ledges, some of which exhibit a dip of about 45 deg. S. E. — owing no doubt, to 

 a local fault, since dips in various incompatible directions are repeatedly met 

 with in Simpson county. — Higher up, at Rockport, a jagged ledge of sandstone 

 resembling the Fort Adams rock, runs out into the river from both sides, for 30 

 to 50 feet on each, so as to narrow the channel considerably — the surface of the 

 ledge being about 3 feet above low water, and overhvd as well as underlaid by 

 gray clays, which also appear in streams on the Copiah side. 



240. On Strong River, so far as it passes through Simpson county, there are 

 numerous outcrops of the clays and clayey sands of the Grand Gull Group. 

 One occurs at the bridge on the Westville and Brandon road — another, and the 

 best exposure in the region, ison S. 10, T. (5, R. 20 W., near Banks' bridge, and in 

 Mr. Barbel's field. Near the bridge, strata of whitish materials, varying from 

 soft sand and clay, to sandstone, crops out, with a dip varying from 15 to 20 

 deg. W. ; taking this dip into account, about 110 feet arc exposed vertically, 

 although the outcrop is nowhere higher than 40 feet. The materials here con- 

 tain abundant vestiges of leaves, but so poorly preserved as to be generally 

 irrecognizable ; the only loim made out with certainty, was a fragment of a 

 fan-shaped palm-leaf. H ill a mile W. cf this spot, in Mr. Barber's field, the 

 strata are horizontal, lignitic and very fetid, their surface being coveted with 

 a yellow efflorescence of salts. 



241. The materials of the formation in S. Rankin are prevaleitly sandy, 

 generally white "rotten" sandstones, but yet frequently interstratified with, 

 lignitic, and generally very fetid and saline, clays. Outcrops of this kind are 

 very common on the waters ol Stecn's Creek, where the saltiness of the clays 

 gives rise to numerous cattle-licks; in some instances, the cattle have eaten 



