T245, -"' possji. palms \t im.wk'.- ivera'h bluff. 



15;; 



(Sec. 



SECTION OF FOSSILLFEROUS; STRATA AT SAM. POWE'S, N'EAi: 

 WINCHESTER, WAYNE COUNTY. 



CHAEACTEl 



Yellow sand, v or portions 



Orange Sand. 



White sand with nodules of pipei 

 Black clay with lea 



Grayish white sand, with vestiges of lea> 

 stratification Lim 



Bluish sandy clay, with roots and trunks of 

 Cupuh'ferae, Coniferae and Palmae. 



The trunks are prostrate, many of them washed out of their matrix by the 

 river, and resemble common " old logs." They retain their roundness, are quite 

 light and porous when dry, but absorb water like a sponge, allowing of its being 

 squeezed out. Two cuts of a common saw will readily sever a trunk 12 inches 

 in diameter. Most of them are dicotyledons, a smaller portion Conifers ; and 

 next to these, tree palms, one trunk of which was about 8 inches in diameter, 

 its fibres pulling out of the soft lignitic mass, like those of a corn-stalk out of its 

 pith. I also found, and followed up, a scaly palm root for about 4 feet. The 

 dicotyledonous woods found resembled mostly those of oaks and beeches. 



245. Descending the Chickasawhay, we next find a long outcn p of compact, 

 bright blue clay, in a bluff at Mr. W. P. Avera's place, SS. 25 and 36, T. 5, 

 R. 6 W., Greene county. About 15 feet of this material are visible above water, 

 •verlaid by the same amount of yellow sand, in which silicified wood is common. 

 Chalybeate and saline waters flow from the stratum in several places, and 

 according to Mr. A., brilliant metallic lumps — of iron pyrites — are found in the 

 mass. At Venson Williams', 7 miles below Averas', we also find blue clayey 

 Band in the bed of the river. 



Gray clay is seen outcropping on the hillside at Judge Fairley's Ferry, not far 

 from Cross Roads P. , Jackson county ; and similar clays appear in the hills 

 E. of the P. , where they contribute essentially to the formation of the soil. 



246. AtDwyer's Ferry on the Pascagoula River, S. 11, T. 5, R. 7 W., we find 

 the following section, on the river bluff : 



