TTfi9] Mississippi springs— cooper's wells. 347 



originating in the gray clays and sandstones of the Grand Gulf Group (V230,ff), 

 may find "their place here, where readers will expect to see them mentioned. 

 The water of the Mississippi Springs, (which is-me at the foot of a ridge composed 

 of white and partly "rottm" sandstones — H'233 ; 241), are impregnated with 

 Sulphuretted Hydrogen ; they do not seem to contain much solid ingredient. 



The principal one of Cooper's Wells (both situated, within 50 yards of each 

 other, at the foot of a narrow, steep ridge composed of white sands'one alternating 

 with semi-indurate, grav, sandy clay) a little over 100 feet deep, is dug chiefly 

 in sandstones alternating with ledges of gray clay. The water, a very strong 

 one (105 grains of solid matter per gallon), is a siline chalybeate, which 

 according to Dr. Lawrence Smith's analysis (Wades' Report, p. 295) contains 

 as its chief ingredients the Sulphates of Lime, Magnesia, Soda, and Alumina 

 (named in the order of their prevalence), with smaller amounts of the Chlorides 

 of Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium ; of Peroxide (and Bicarbonate) of Iron, 

 Silica, Crenateof Lime and Sulphate of Potash; with some free Carbonic Acid. 



The reputation of this water is already very extensive, ami as a pleasant and 

 healthful place of resort, Cooper's Wells vie with any in the Southwest. 



The water of the other well is powerfully impregnated with Sulphuretted 

 Hydrogen, being a " white Sulphur" water. Its fixed ingredients hive not 

 been investigated ; it contains much less of these than the chalybeate well. 



A few shallow wells at Jackson possess freestone water, or nearly so. In 

 some (as in one dug by Capt. L. Julienne) no regular stream of water has been 

 struck at 100 feet and more. 



759. The mineral waters of the Brandon neighborhood will be mentioned in 

 connection with the Longdeaf Pine Region (Tf797, If.). Wells with saline and 

 sometimes fetid waters occur more or less, in N. Rankin, Scott, N. Smith, and 

 Jasper, as has been mentiond ; but no prominent mineral water is known to me 

 as occurring on the territory of the calcareous Tertiary, until we reach the 

 waters of the Chickasawhay, where we find a number of minerial springs, partly 

 saline, partly chalybeate and sulphureous ; thus near Enterprise; in the bed of 

 Suanlovey Creek, near Garlandsville, where there is a strong " white Sulphur" 

 spring, yielding a copious supply of water, which may contain other important 

 ingredients also ; and about a mile S. of Quitman, Clarke county. The latter 

 (" Smith's Spring ") has attained some note in the neighborhood ; a quantitative 

 analysis (made by myself, in 1855) showed it to contain essentially the Bicar- 

 bonates and Sulphates of Potash and Lime, with small amounts of Magnesia 

 and Common Salt. The water has a reddish tint, owing to some organic matter 

 (Crenic Acid ?) held in solution by the potash. It is slightly impregnated with 

 Sulph uretted Hydrogen. 



At Quitman (11194), and on the territory of the calcareous Claiborne Group 

 generally, shallow wells obtain water, more or less limy, in the tertiary sands 

 and marls (HT90 1 ff.) ; as also, on the sand ridges, freestone water in the Orange 

 Sand (H"75, ff.). The latter condition of things also obtains at Garlandsville, 

 where excellent freestone water is obtained ir. wells on the sand ridge, before 

 reaching the white marl or " prairie ", as it is here called, which lies 35 to 40 

 feet beneath the surface (IT 208). 



