GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THE WOOL TRADE. 



Black wool. — Includes any wool that is not white. 



Braid wool. — Grade name, and synonym for luster wools. 



Britch wool. — Wool from the lower thighs of the sheep ; Usually the coarsest on the body. 



Carbonized wool. — That which has been treated with a solution of aluminum chlorid 

 or sulphuric acid to remove the vegetable matter. Carbonizing is rarely practiced 

 with worsted wools. 



Carding. — Consists of opening the wool staples, separating to a certain extent the 

 fibers, and condensing and delivering the opened wool in a continuous strand or 

 sliver. 



Car-pet wool. — Low, coarse wool used in the manufacture of carpets. There is very 

 little produced in the United States. 



Combing. — An operation in worsted manufacture which straightens the fibers and 

 separates the short, weak, and tangled fibers known as noils from the continuous 

 strand of long parallel fibers known as top. 



Come-back.- — In America this refers to a wool fine in quality and having more length 

 than would ordinarily be expected. In Australia it is the result of breeding cross- 

 breds back toward pure Merinos, one of the parents being a pure Merino. 



Condition. — Refers to the degree of oil in grease wool. It largely regulates the 

 price. In scoured wool it is used to indicate the degree of moisture. 



Cotted fleeces. — A cotted fleece is one in which the fibers are matted or tangled. 

 The cause may be ill health of the sheep or the absence of the proper amounts of 

 yolk or grease in the wool. 



Cow tail. — A very coarse fleece, more like hair than wool. 



Crimp. — The natural waviness of wool fiber. Uniformity of crimp indicates supe- 

 rior wool. 



Crossbred wools. — In the United States the term generally refers to wool from a 

 longwool and finewool cross. 



Defective. — Denotes that something will show disadvantageously after the wool is 

 scoured. Fire, water, or moths may cause defective wools. California burry wool is 

 quoted as defective. 



Delaine wool. — Delaine originally referred to a fine type of women's dress goods. 

 Delaine wools are fine combing or worsted wools, from Ohio and vicinity, but not 

 necessarily from the Delaine Merino. 



Fall wool. — Wool shorn in the fall where shearing is practiced twice a year, as in 

 California and Texas. The fall wool is Usually dirtier than the spring clip. It rep- 

 resents from four to six months' growth. 



Filling (weft). — Threads that run crosswise and fill in between the warp. 



Fribs. — Short and dirty locks of small size. Dungy bits of wool. 



Frowzy wool. — A lifeless appearing wool with the fibers lying more or less topsy- 

 turvy. The opposite of lofty wool: 



Grease wool. — Wool as it comes from the sheep with the grease still in it. 



Hogget wool. — English term for the first wool from a sheep. 



Kemp.— Not a dead hair, but an abnormal fiber made up entirely of horny material, 

 such as is on the outside of ordinary wool fiber. It will not dye as well as the ordi- 

 nary fiber and does not possess spinning qualities. 



Line fleeces. — Those midway between two grades as to quality or length. 



Lofty wool.- — Open wool, full of "life." Springs back into normal position after 

 being crushed in the hand. 



Luster wool. — That from Lincoln, Leicester, and Cotswold sheep. It is known as 

 luster wool because the coarse fibers reflect the light. 



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