NURSERY PRACTICE ON THE NATIONAL FORESTS. 



63 



there is the possibility of heaving or of winterkilling, but after a 

 season's growth in the transplant beds the stock is usually so well 

 rooted that there is little danger from the former source. This is 

 particularly true in nurseries of sandy soils and in those where the 

 snowfall comes early and is abundant and stays until fairly late in 

 the spring. If artificial mulches are necessary, the same ones may 

 be used as in the seed beds. At the Gallinas, Monument, and Con- 

 verse Flats Nurseries mulching of transplant beds over winter is 

 necessary. 



At the Monument Nursery a light covering of straw held in place 

 by oak brush is sufficient for western yellow pine. For Douglas fir 

 the space between the trees is filled with leaf mulch, after which a 

 layer of lath slatting is rolled over the beds to bend down the long 

 shoots. This is covered with a thin coat of leaf mulch, which is 

 held in place by oak brush. Engelmann spruce is covered with leaf 

 mulch, which is held in place by brush. Heavy winter winds make 

 mulching necessary at this nursery. At the Converse Flats Nursery 

 mulching is necessary to prevent heaving, because fall transplanting 

 is practiced. Pine needles are distributed between the rows to a 

 depth of about 3 inches. 



Heights, in inches, of different classes of nursery stock. 



Region and species. 



Class of stock. 



l-Oi 



1-1 



1-2 



2-0 



2-1 



2-2 



Rocky Mountain: 



Inches. 

 1 to 2 

 1 to U 



1 to 3 

 1J to 3 

 1 to li 



lto3 

 itof 



£ to5 

 2 



ito2 

 1 



2 to 4 

 14 to 2 



2 to 4 

 2 to 3 



Inches. 



Inches. 

 4 



Inches. 

 2 to 5 



Inches. 

 2£to6 



Inches. 

 5 to 6£ 





2 to 5 



5 





15 



5 

 2 to 5 



10 













4 



5 to 16 



4 





6 





2 to 4 



2 to 8 

 ltolj 



6 to 10 



4 to 10 

 2£to3 



9i 

 4 





Pacific Coast: 



4 to 9 

 2 to 4 

 2 to 6 











6 to 10 







6 to 8 

 2 to 8 

 5 to 6 

 2 to 4 

 5 















4 to 7 

 l|to3 

 2 to 8 



6 to 8 











6 to 12 

 9 



4 to 7 



















1 The first figure of each pair indicates numher of years stock remains in seedbed; second figure, the num- 

 ber of years in transplant beds. 



LOSS IN TRANSPLANT BEDS. 



Losses in transplant beds should not exceed from 5 to 10 per cent. 

 They are often greater, but they can be reduced to a minimum by 

 careful transplanting, the choice of stock of the right age and size 

 for transplanting, grading, care in taking up the plants so as not to 

 injure the roots, keeping the roots constantly moist, reducing the 

 time between lifting and transplanting, little or no root trimming, 



