40 



BULLETIN 492, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



average of $281 capital they made an average labor income of $196. 

 The value of family labor was $91, and by adding this amount to the 

 farm income the average family income is $301 for this group. The 

 landlord on these same farms had an average investment of $1,740 

 and made a profit of 8.8 per cent. 



The tenants on farms of from 51 to 100 tilled acres in size, with 

 an investment of $573 apiece, made an average labor income of $357. 

 The value of family labor was $237, family income was $622, land- 

 lord's profit 10.3 per cent. 



The tenants in the largest size group, with over four times as 

 much capital as those of the smallest-size group, made an average 

 labor income of $573. Family labor was valued at $292, family 

 income was $1,029, and landlord's profit 7.4 per cent. 



Table XV. — Relation of size of farm to capital, receipts, expenses, and income 

 of operator and landlord on 186 colored tenant farms, Sumter County, Oa. 



Tilled acres per farm. 



Num- 

 ber of 

 farms. 



Aver- 

 age 

 capital. 



Re- 

 ceipts. 



Ex- 

 penses. 



Farm 



in- 

 come. 



Family 

 labor. 



Labor 



in- 

 come . 



Land- 

 lord's 

 capital. 



Land- 

 lord's 

 profit 

 (per 

 cent). 



50 acres and less 



9G 

 68 

 22 



8281 



57.3 



1,154 



8336 

 1,120 

 2,332 



3326 



735 



1,595 



8210 

 385 



737 



$91 

 237 

 292 



8196 

 357 

 679 



81,740 

 2,845 

 6,597 



S.8 



51 to 100 acres 



10.3 



Over 100 acres 



7.4 







Total 



186 



491 



962 



626 



336 



168 



312 



2,719 [ 8.9 



Of the 186 colored tenants 182, or practically 98 per cent, were 

 operating farms of 150 or less tilled acres per farm. These men had 

 an average of $459 capital, and made a farm income of $316 and a 

 labor income of $293. The average capital of the landlord was 

 $2,543 ; profit 9.1 per cent. 



The profits of these tenants were in direct proportion to the size 

 of business they were able to handle. The tenant farming the most 

 acres usually had the largest family, and the value of the labor per- 

 formed by the family was highest. The older tenants were on the 

 larger farms. In the smallest size group their average age was 42. 

 in the next larger size group it was 44, and in the largest size group 

 it averaged 48 years. The tenants reported hauling their cotton an 

 average of 5.8 miles to market, with no relative difference between 

 the size-groups. Tenants with a small amount of capital devoted 

 to crop farming have greater opportunities in this region than in 

 regions where live stock is essential, because the live-stock enterprise 

 calls for much additional investment above that required for raising 

 crops. 



RELATION OF SIZE OF FARM TO DISTRIBUTION OF CROP AREA. 



In Table XVI is shown the relation of the number of acres of tilled 

 land per farm to the distribution of crop area on the white-owner 

 farms. The farms in the smallest size group had 45.9 per cent of 



