4 BULLETIN 1101, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGKICULTUKE. 



Table 1. — Units required, except charge for management, for producing 100 

 pounds of milk in unnter and in summer. 







Winter. 



Sum- 

 mary 

 of two 

 win- 

 ters. 



Summer. 



Sum- 

 mary 



Item. 



1919- 

 20. 



1920- 

 21. 



1919- 

 20.1 



1920- 



21.2 



of tWO' 



simi- 

 mers. 



Feed: 



Purchased concentrates 



Home-grown grains 



..pounds.. 

 do 



....do.... 



36.2 

 17.5 



38.2 

 15.5 



37.2 

 16.5 



18.4 

 3.5 



9.7 

 .6 



13.6 

 1.9 



Total concentrates 



53.7 



53.7 



53.7 



21.9 



10.3 



15.5 



■Ranling and grindinp- grain 



SO. 01 



SO. 01 



$0.01 



SO. 003 





$0. 002 





.pounds. . 



do 



....do.... 



....do.... 



..pounds.. 

 do 





Noncommercial roughage 



Commercial carbohydrate hay 



Commercial legume hay 



81.4 

 13.3 

 5.9 



95.7 

 28.8 

 4.2 



88.3 



20.8 



5.1 



4.1 

 2.3 

 1.8 



3.9 

 1.0 



.2 



4.0 

 1.6 

 .9 



Total dry roughage 



100.6 



128.7 



114.2 



8.2 



5.1 



6.5 



SUage and other succulent roughage. . . 



Bedding 



Pasture 



76.2 

 17.4 

 SO. 04 



106.6 

 18.4 

 SO. 09 



91.0 

 17.9 



$0.06 



12.5 

 4.1 



$0.47 



5.1 

 2.8 

 $0.49 



10.3 

 3.4 

 $0.48 





...hours.. 

 ....do.... 





Labor: 



Hiunan 



Horse 



2.6 

 .5 



2.7 

 .5 



2.6 

 .5 



2.7 

 . 5 



2.4 

 .3 



2.5 



.4 



Other costs: 



Bxiilding charges 



SO. 23 

 .09 



.10 

 .12 

 .14 

 .03 



$0.28 

 .12 



.07 

 .23 

 .19 

 .02 



$0.25 

 .10 



.08 

 .17 

 .16 

 .03 



SO. 26 

 .10 



.11 

 .13 

 .12 

 .03 

 .003 



SO. 23 

 .10 



.06 

 .19 

 .15 

 .02 



$0. 25 



Equipnient cliarges and dairy supplies 



.10' 



Herd charges: Taxes, insurance, veterinary service, 

 medicines, and dismfectants 



.08 



Interest on cow investment 



.16 



Cost of keeping buU 



.14 



Motor-truck charge 



.02 



Oa.sh ha.nling of milk 







on cows. . . 













Total other costs, except depreciation 

 Depreciation on cows 



.71 

 .12 



.91 

 .36 



.79 

 .24 



.753 

 .14 



.75 

 .30 



.75 

 .23 









Total other costs 



SO. 83 



SI. 27 



$1.03 



$0. 893 



$1.05 



$0.98 







1 The summer season of 1919-20 consisted of June, July, August, September, and October of 1919 and 

 May of 1920. 



2 June, July, August, September, and October of 1920 and May of 1921. 



Note. — The summaries of the unit requirements are printed in bold-faced type for convenient reference. 



During the winter a large quantity of grain was fed for each 100 

 pounds of milk produced. The decreased quantity of grain fed 

 during the second summer as compared with the first summer 

 should be noted. 



Table 2. — Number of cows, average production, and requirements for keeping 

 a cow during each season and for the entire year, except charge for man- 

 agement. 



Item. 



Winter. 



Summer. 



Entire 

 year. 



Number of cows . . - 



520.0 

 2,725 



540.5 

 2,714 



530.3 



Average production per cow 



pounds.. 



do.... 



do.... 



do.... 



5,439 



Feed: 



Purchased concentrates 



Home-grown grains 



1,014 

 451 



368 

 52 



1,382 

 503 



Total concentrates 



1,465 



420 



1,885 





$0.30 



$0.04 



$0.34 





pounds.. 



do 



do.... 



do.... 





Noncommercial roughage 



Commercial carbohydrate hay 



Commercial legume hay 



2,407 

 568 

 139 



108 

 42 

 25 



2,515 

 610 

 164 



Total dry roughage 



3,114 



175 



3,289 



