UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



l^f BULLETIN No. 1101 m 



J^T^'^ru 





Washington, D. C. 



November 2, 1922 



UNIT REQUIREMENTS FOR PRODUCING MARKET 

 MILK IN DELAWARE. 



By J. B. Bain, Market Milk Specialist, and Ralph P. Hotis, Assistant Market 

 Milk Specialist, Dairy Division, Bureau of Animal Industry. 



CONTENTS. 



Page. 



Character and scope of the work 1 



Methods used In obtaining data 2 



Seasonal influence of winter and 



summer on cost factors 3 



Description of herds 3 



Requirements for producing milk — 3 



Credit for calves 5 



Credit for manure 5 



Requirements for keeping a bull 7 



Factors involved in the production 



of milk 7 



Feed 7 



Page. 



Factors involved in the production 

 of milk — Continued. 



Pasture 8 



Labor 8 



Other costs 9 



Percentage comparison of factors in- 

 volved in milt production 11 



Average compared with bulk-line 



costs 12 



Monthly distribution of factors in 



milk production 13 



Summary 14 



CHARACTER AND SCOPE OF THE WORK. 



What does it cost to produce milk? Dairymen everywhere want 

 an answer to this important question. To supply accurate informa- 

 tion along this line the United States Department of Agriculture, 

 through the Dairy Division of the Bureau of Animal Industry, be- 

 gan a series of field studies in 1915, which have been completed and 

 bulletins published on the requirements for producing milk in typical 

 market-milk sections oT North Carolina, Indiana, Vermont, Wash- 

 ington, Louisiana, and Nebraska. 



The project with which this bulletin deals was organized in Dela- 

 ware in June, 1919. The milk from this section is sold as market 

 milk in Philadelphia and Wilmington. The cost of producing milk 

 depends in part on the sanitary conditions and equipment in the dairy 

 and the care exercised in maintaining cleanliness and in keeping milk 



111626°— 22 



