16 



BULLETIN 1119, V. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



No previous shift of location has been marked by such changes in 

 lumbering conditions as are seen in the move from the South to the 

 West. In the South and the Lake States there was relatively little 

 obstruction to lumbering due to mountainous topography. In the 

 West much of the national forest timber, and some of the private 

 timber also, is at present inaccessible on account of the mountains 

 and will require heavy expenditures to get it out. Already about 

 one-sixth oi the western timber has been cut, and naturally it was 

 taken from the best and most accessible stands. As time goes on it 

 will become increasingly expensive to log the more remote areas. 

 Less yearlong work can be done because of deep snow. 



In the East practicallv all the timber was privately owned. In the 

 West only 53 per cent oi the timber is privately owned, the remainder 



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FiQ. 7. — Millions of acres which would grow eastern white pine are awaiting reforestation. European 

 nations would not think of neglecting such an opportunity to set their lands and their people at work. 



belonging to the Government, the States, or m.unicipalities. Thirty- 

 six per cent of it is within National Forests. The ownership of the 

 private timber is concentrated to a marked degree. Never before was 

 so much timber controlled by so few firms and individuals. Although 

 some of the largest holdings have been decreased within recent years, 

 many of the small holdings have been consolidated into units suitable 

 for operation. This situation apparently offers an opportunity for 

 centralized management, in marketing as well as production, such as 

 has not existed before. On the other hand, the heavy timber holdings 

 of the Government within the national forests provide a means which 

 did not exist in the eastern regions for leveling ineciualities in produc- 

 tion and prices and maintaining competitive conditions. 



The most significant change resulting from the shift is the increased 

 distance between the main center of production and the consuming 



