GROWING SUGAR BEETS IN CALIFORNIA. 29 
In the Los Angeles district 4-horse outfits were employed on 
48 per cent of the farms and 3-horse outfits on 19 per cent. Six- 
horse outfits were found on 44 per cent of the farms in the Oxnard 
and on 95 per cent in the Salinas area. 
In addition to the work shown in the table, 13 men in the Los 
Angeles and 5 in the Oxnard area contracted the lifting at a rate of 
$3 to $3.50 per acre. In some cases this work was done by steam 
power. (See fig. 17.) 
Four men at Los Angeles and four at Oxnard did the work of lift- 
ing with their own tractors. The amount of work accomplished per 
day varied from 4 to 10 acres. 
Fic. 16.—A 4-row beet harvester (side lifter) that is operated by a gasoline tractor. 
TOPPING. 
Topping is classified as contract labor, and has been considered 
under the heading “ Hand labor.” (See fig. 18.) 
HAULING. 
The sugar beet is loaded by the contract beet workers into strong, 
well-built beet boxes, either with forks or by hand. (See figs. 19 
and 20.) From the field they are hauled either to a loading station 
where they are loaded into cars, or directly to the sugar factory 
beet dump. Upon arrival at the loading station or factory, as the 
