19 
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE UPON VARIOUS STAGES OF COMPSILURA CONCINNATA. 
A STUDY OF COMPSILURA CONCINNATA. 
Temperature, under laboratory conditions, appears to exert little 
influence in the development of larvee within the host. This is par- 
ticularly true during the summer season. In the late summer the 
larva stage is lengthened, but in averaging the whole season when 
Compsilura larvee were secured, July 13 to August 24, it was found 
that the larva stage was lengthened at a time when there was very 
little variation in average temperature. (See Table VII.) 
Taste VII.—Effect of temperature upon length of larva stage of Compsilura 
concinnata under laboratory conditions, Melrose Highlands, Mass., 1916. 
Average Average 
Number of individuals. Lee tempera- Number of individuals. Tatve teneee 
Se. ture. See: ture. 
Days. oobi Days °F, 
SE eee east = wi deo cecase. 6 T2"|| -Deeeerenercuire se oe Se 11 71 
ee isis os Sone aan aisee 7 TA, || Vee oases ao *2icee ac 14 74 
330" Soo Sep eee ee es 8 13" || 1 See Sa ed A 15 71 
Tso. 7 eR See ee ee 9 12 || Vee eee re hie a SS ae | 16 71 
Oe ees EP AS: | 10 72 
This average temperature, as noted in Table VII, was secured by 
taking four readings a day and averaging the whole. 
The effect of temperature upon the pupa stage is shown in Table 
Vir. 
TasLe VIII.—Lffect of temperature upon length of pupa stage of Compsilura 
concemnata under laboratory conditions, Melrose Highlands, Mass., 1916. 
Average Average 
Number of individuals. dupa tempera- Number of individuals oene tempera- 
Be. ture. ee ture. 
Days cael Days eas 
4 elo eee ee ea ee 7 71. || Doses ate meannenecca nee ae 15 66 
2). . 53 SBS DSSS SEES SEES SEE } 9 67 |||: SSeS SS SR LE BEES Eee 16 64 
J 5.2 eee Se ee | 10 12)|) Soremaperetseeie\ctersinisbtsimiceialatee crite 17 64 
J, 6 2 SEA RAESD DA ESA OOS APE | 11 TL ||) SERaeaae es oe Perea OS vee es 18 66 
BL 22 ae ee ae Sea | 12 72. |). SS ese cco Nate cicpys ocpie 19 63 
Sod = SENS 0 Is as 2 ee eS Se | 13 69)1|\ DER amne ys sere eee Reece heed 20 63 
Te ws Nao hahaha o Sica pe:o'~ bicis | 14 68 
Temperature averages shown in Table VIII were secured in the 
same way as for the larva stage. The shorter pupal periods were 
observed in the middle of the summer and those of longer duration 
in the late summer and early fall. All of these records were made 
from puparia above ground, the length of the pupa period in those 
below the surface of the soil being from two to feur days greater. 
The effects of temperature on adult Compsilura are shown in figure 
10. The temperature was determined by readings at noon each day, 
when observations were made on the activity of the adults. It is 
practically impossible to rate terms of activity in either degrees or 
percentages, so the following terms were adopted: (1) Very active. 
