JACK PINE. 25 



In general, where Norway pine logs average from $12 to $14 per 

 1,000 board feet delivered at the mill, jack pine will average about 

 $8/ 111 the winter of 1917, in Minnesota, jack pine logs sold as high 

 as $12 and Norway pine at 117. The difference in price paid for 

 jack and Norway pine in the log may be due partly to the fact that 

 jack pine logs are smaller than the Norway pine, running sometimes 

 40 or 50 logs to the thousand. Many of the trees from the older 

 jack pine stands in Minnesota cut out better lumber than it is usually 

 supposed can be cut from this tree. In some cases at least 50 per 

 cent of the season's run of jack pine goes into No. 2 and No. 3 boards 

 and No. 1 and No. 2 dimension stock. As such it brings the same 

 price as Norway pine, and is, in fact, often graded as lower grades of 

 Norway and white pine. 



Young stands of jack pine, too small for saw logs, are utilized for 

 small slack cooperage, box boards, and crating. The cooperage 

 material is used for pails, kegs, barrel headings, and a small amount 

 for silos. In Michigan jack pine is used to a limited extent for sliingles. 

 Lath plants use the trees in the form of short bolts down to 3 or 4 

 inches in diameter at the top end. Young stands often yield large 

 returns both on account of the great number of trees per acre and 

 of this close utilization of small trees. 



The number of board feet, mill scale, as given in Table 10, indicates 

 the possibility of close utilization of jack pine in producing round- 

 edge lumber for box and crating material. This method of utiliza- 

 tion is feasible where portable mills are employed in dense, even- 

 aged stands, and in this way a high yield of low-grade material is 

 obtained at a small cost. 



PULP. 



Jack pine is suitable for chemical pulps made by using alkaline 

 cooking liquors, either sulphate or soda. In this process it takes 

 2 cords of wood to produce a ton of sulphate pulp. 



Jack pine is used for sulphate or kraft pulp in Michigan, Wisconsin, 

 Quebec, and Ontario. In Quebec, in 1914, 16,746 cords of jack pine, 

 at an average cost of $6.20 delivered, were used by three sulphate 

 mills, while in Ontario in the same year 7,969 cords at $4 were used 

 by one mill. There are three sulphate plants in Wisconsin and one 

 in Michigan, and the outlook is good for additional plants of this 

 kind in Canada and the Lake States. These plants should open up 

 extensive markets for young second-growth jack pme trees too small 



1 The following statement from a January, 1920, report of the supervisor of the Minnesota National Forest 

 indicates how greatly prices and costs have changed since the above was written: 



"A sale of standing jack pine timber on that Forest, made in 1919, brought $6.30 per 1,000 board feet for 

 live and $3.15 for dead timber. The cost of logging this timber was about $20 per 1,000 feet, making a total 

 cost of $23.15 to $26.30 for jack pine logs delivered on the landing, or double the cost of what white pine logs 

 were 10 years ago. A few years ago, when the jack pine timber could have been logged for $5 to $8 per 1,000 

 feet, there was no sale for it." 



