THE NORTHERN" HARDWOOD FOREST. 23 



Plot No. 5. — Age, 42 years; yield, 25.8 cords per acre; height of dominant trees, 55 to 60 feet. 



Species. 



Propor- 

 tion 

 based on 

 volume. 



Number 

 of trees 

 per acre. 



Diameter breast- 

 high. 



Volume 

 per acre. 



Average 

 annual 



Average. 



Ex- 

 tremes. 



growth 

 per acre. 



Yellow birch 



Per cent. 



54.1 



26.9 



17.8 



1.2 



360 

 160 

 104 

 96 

 16 



Inches. 

 5.2 

 5.4 

 5.6 

 2.4 

 2.0 



Inches. 



2 to 8 



3 to 9 



4 to 7 

 lto4 



Cubic feet. 



1,185 



588 



390 



26 



Cubic feet. 

 28.21 

 14.00 





9.29 





.62 

















Total 



100.0 



736 







2,189 



52.12 











Colchester Township, Delaware County, N. Y.; altitude 1,300 feet; slope 5 per cent west; soil very scant 

 fresh, brown, loamy sand with thin humus layer, over large, flat, loose sandstone fragments: plot one 

 eighth acre, in 2 or 3 acre stand of second growth with scattered old trees; density, 0.7 to 0.8; reproduction 

 beech and sugar maple , numerous. 



Pennsylvania. 



Plot No. 6. — Age, 25 years; yield, 11.5 cords per acre; average height of dominant trees, 40 feet. 



Species. 



Propor- 

 tion 

 based on 

 volume. 



Number 

 of trees 

 per acre. 



Diameter breast- 

 high. 



Volume 

 per acre. 



Average 

 annual 



Average. 



Ex- 

 tremes. 



growth 

 per acre. 





Per cent. 



48.3 



42.7 



8.4 



.6 



312 



1,368 

 440 



56 

 184 



80 



Inches. 

 3.9 

 2.4 

 1.9 

 1.9 

 1.2 

 1.2 



Inches. 

 2 to 6 

 lto6 

 lto4 

 lto3 

 1 to 2 

 1 to 2 



Cubicfeet. 



470 



416 



82 



6 



Cubicfeet. 

 18.80 





16.64 





3.28 





.24 























T otal 



100.0 



2,440 







974 



38.96 











Near Austin, Potter County, Pa.; altitude 1,600 feet; slope 15 per cent north; soil shallow, fresh, clay 

 'loam, over small, flat, shale fragments; humus 3 inches deep; plot one-eighth acre, in similar stand of 

 60 to 80 acres, following lumbering and fire on hemlock land; density 0.9; reproduction absent; many 

 dead fire cherries still standing indicate rapid elimination of this species. Stand apparently thinning 

 itself rapidly; birch largely sprouts. 



Plot No. 7. — Age, 40 years; yield, 21.1 cords per acre; average height of dominant trees, 55 feet. 



Species. 



Propor- 

 tion 

 based on 

 volume. 



Number 

 of trees 

 per acre. 



Diameter breast- 

 high. 



Average. 



Ex- 

 tremes. 



Volume 

 per acre. 



Average 

 annual 

 growth 



per acre. 



Yellow birch. 

 Black birch.. 

 Red maple. . . 

 Sugar maple . 

 Black cherry. 

 Service berry. 



Ironwood 



Beech 



Blue beech. . . 

 Hemlock 



Total. 



Per cent. 

 49.1 

 37.0 

 8.1 

 2.4 

 1.3 

 1.2 



420 

 332 

 100 



16 

 56 

 156 



4 

 8 



Inches. 

 4.3 

 4.2 

 3.9 

 2.4 

 5.0 

 3.6 

 2.2 

 1.0 

 1.0 

 1.0 



Inches. 



2 to 8 



2 to 7 



lto7 



lto6 



5 



2 to 6 



lto5 



lto2 



1 



1 



Cubicfeet. 

 881 

 664 

 146 

 44 

 23 

 21 

 16 



Cubicfeet. 



22. 02 



16.60 



3.65 



1.10 



.58 



.53 



.40 



100.0 



1,196 



44.88 



Near Costello, Potter County, Pa.; altitude 1,600 feet; slope 25 per cent northwest; soil scant, gray 

 loam, dry and crumbly, in interstices of small, fine grained standstone fragments; humus 3 inches thick; 

 density 6.9; reproduction, beech and sugar maple, numerous; a few hemlock seedlings. 



