THE NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST. 



25 



Michigan. 

 Plot No. 11.— Age, 42 years; yield, 16.2 cords per acre; height of dominant trees, 45 to 50 feet. 



Species. 



Propor- 

 tion 

 based on 

 volume. 



Number 

 of trees 

 per acre. 



Diameter breast- 

 high. 



Volume 

 per acre. 



Average 

 annual 



Average. 



Ex- 

 tremes. 



growth 

 per acre. 



Sugar maple 



Per cent. 

 53.2 

 19.5 

 19.3 



5.4 

 2.6 



2,224 

 128 

 72 

 40 

 32 



Inches. 

 2.2 

 4.5 

 5.8 

 4.2 

 3.5 



Inches. 

 lto6 

 2 to 7 

 2 to 8 

 lto7 

 2 to 5 



Cubic/eet. 



731 



267 



265 



74 



36 



Cubic/eet. 



White ash 



6 36 







Beech 



1 76 



Service berry 









Total 



100.0 



2,496 







1,373 













Glen Haven, Leelanau County, Mich., one-half mile from Lake Michigan; altitude 600 feet; slope level; 

 soil fine, wind transported, lake sand, blackish near surface; humus thin; produces fair corn crops, but 

 difficult to get a "grass catch," due to wind; plot one-eighth acre, in similar stand of several hundred acres; 

 density 0.8. This stand contained from 5 to 20 red oak trees per acre, conspicuously larger than the sur- 

 rounding trees, and often 10 or 12 inches in diameter. The situation is much better adapted for red oak or 

 white pine than for northern hardwoods. 



BEECH PLOTS. 



New Hampshire. 

 Plot No. U.—Age, 70 years; yield, 22.9 cords per acre; average height of dominant trees, 55 feet. 



Species. 



Propor- 

 tion 

 based on 

 volume. 



Number 

 of trees 

 per acre. 



Diameter breast- 

 high. 



Average. 



Ex- 

 tremes. 



Volume 

 per acre. 



Average 

 annual 

 growth 



per acre. 



Beech 



Sugar maple... 

 Paper birch . . . 

 Yellow birch.. 

 Striped maple. 



Total.... 



Per cent. 



58.0 



33.1 



8.9 



952 



208 



32 



16 



Inches. 

 3.4 

 5.1 

 6.4 

 2.0 

 2.0 



Inches. 



1 toS 



2 to 9 

 4 to 8 



2 

 2 



Cubic/eet. 



1,129 



644 



174 



Cubic feet. 

 16.13 

 9.20 

 2.49- 



100.0 



1,216 



1,947 



27.82 



Shelburne Township, Coos County, N. H.; altitude 1,400 feet; slope 20 per cent east; soil rather shallow, 

 fresh, sandy loam, from decomposition of granite; humus 3 inches deep, well decomposed; plot one-eighth 

 acre, a fair sample of at least 5 acres, containing some red oak; density 0.85 to 0.9; reproduction almost 

 exclusively beech seedlings and root sprouts, slender and suppressed; about 10 spruce seedlings per acre. 

 This stand evidently sprang up after a fire in a stand containing beech and hemlock, of which a few decayed 

 stubs are still standing. 



Plot No. 13.— Age, 95 years; yield, 33.1 cords per acre; average height of dominant trees, 55 feet. 



Species. 



Propor- 

 tion 

 based on 

 volume. 



Number 

 of trees 

 per acre. 



Diameter breast- 

 high. 



Volume 

 per acre. 



Average 

 annual 



Average. 



Ex- 

 tremes. 



growth 

 per acre. 





Per cent. 



91.5 



4.6 



3.9 



524 

 24 

 4 

 12 



Inches. 



4.4 



4.7 



10.0 



1.0 



Inches. 



lto9 



lto6 



10 



1 



Cubic/eet. 



2,571 



130 



109 



Cubic feet. 

 27.06 





1.37 



Paper birch 



1.15 











Total 



100.0 



564 





2,810 



29.58 











Near Intervale, N. H.; altitude 1,000 feet; slope 8 per cent, north; soil fresh, sandy loam, gravelly and 

 rocky, with li inches of well-decomposed humus; plot one-eighth acre, in stand of 10 or 15 acres, containing 

 a few larger red oak and red maple; density 1.0; reproduction principally striped maple and beech, with 

 clumps of hemlock; some sugar and red maple and scattered small white pine seedlings. This is an unusu- 

 ally pure stand of beech on soil better fitted for raising red oak, white pine, and other rapid growing species. 

 (See PI. X, fig. 2.) 



