22 BULLETIN 292, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



George Island, Pribilofs, June 25, 1873 (specimens in U. S. National 

 Museum) . It also breeds so late that young were still in the nest on 

 St. George Island, August 31, 1913 (Hanna). In fall the species 

 was noted at Unimali Pass (Seale) , and one bird was seen October 5, 

 1899, on the north side of Unalaska at Dutch Harbor (Bishop). The 

 last was noted on St. George Island November 11, 1913 (Hanna). 



There is apparently no winter record for the species. Turner says 

 that it breeds on the Near Islands but does not winter there, while 

 Stejneger records its return to the Commander Islands about the 

 first of April. 



A straggler was taken at Forty-Mile, Yukon, October 12, 1899 

 (Grinnell) . 



GLAUCOUS GULL. Larus hyperboreus Gunnerus. 



Range. — Arctic regions, south to California, the Great Lakes, Long 

 Island (New York), the Mediterranean, Black and Caspian Seas, and 

 Japan. 



Breeding range. — The glaucous gull, or burgomaster, as it is com- 

 monly called by sailors, is a truly circumpolar species; wherever man 

 has collected in the Arctic he has found this bird. It breeds on all 

 the Arctic islands of the Eastern Hemisphere, and in the Western 

 Hemisphere breeds north to Thank God Harbor, Greenland (Hall)— 

 occurs north to Cape Union (Feilden), but not known to breed — King 

 Oscar Land (Sverdrup), Prince Patrick Island (M'Clintock), Point 

 Barrow, Alaska (Murdock), and the Chukchi Peninsula (Schalow). 



It breeds south along the Labrador coast to Hopedale (Townsend 

 and Allen) and most likely even farther south, for it breeds not 

 rarely in Newfoundland south to Bay of Islands (Arnold). It is 

 quite common on the east coast of Hudson Bay south to the mouth 

 of Great Whale River and even in James Bay (Macoun), while it 

 seems to be absent in summer from the west coast south of Fullerton 

 (Low). It breeds along the Arctic coast from Cambridge Bay (Col- 

 linson) , to Franklin Bay (MacFarlane) and Herschel Island (Thayer) , 

 and is a common breeder on the northern shores of Bering Sea south 

 to the mouth of the Yukon (Nelson), to the Kuskoquim (Hinckley), 

 to the Pribilofs (specimen in U. S. National Museum), and to Indian 

 Point, Siberia (Thayer). 



Winter range. — The breeding and wintering ranges of the glaucous 

 gull overlap, since the species winters as far north as Ivigtut, Green- 

 land (Plagerup), and Cape Mercy, Baffin Land (Kumlien), and thenoe 

 south along the Atlantic coast regularly to Long Island (Peavey), 

 rarely to the Great Lakes, and on the Pacific coast from the Aleu- 

 tians south to Monterey, Cal. (Breninger). In the Eastern Hemis- 

 phere it winters south to tho Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas 

 and to Japan. The few individuals that inhabit the shores of the 



