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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 

 BULLETIN No. 292 



Contribution from the Bureau of Biological Survey 

 HENRY W. HENSHAW, Chief 



Washington, D. C. 



PROFESSIONAL PAPER 



October 25, 1915 



DISTRIBUTION AND MIGRATION OF 



NORTH AMERICAN GULLS 



AND THEIR ALLIES 



By 

 WELLS W. COOKE, Assistant Biologist 



CONTENTS 



Page 



Introduction 1 



Economic Importance of Gulls .... 1 



Bird Refuges . .' 2 



Protection by Private Associations . . 3 



Legal Protection 3 



Distribution 4 



Old World Forms Accidental in North 



America 4 



Forms Breeding in the Arctic not Win- 

 tering in the United States ... 4 



Page 

 Introduction — Continued 

 Distribution — Continued 

 Forms Breeding and Wintering in the 



United States 4 



Forms Breeding in the Arctic but Oc- 

 curring in the United States in Winter 



or in Migration 5 



Migration 5 



Annotated List of Species 5 



Index 69 



WASHINGTON 



GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 



1915 



