44 BULLETIN 393, U, S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRlCtTLTUEE. 



of a two-horse team and driver has increased from $3 to $3.50 per 

 day in the past few years, due to the increased cost of feed. 



Lumber is hauled into Pennington Gap 7 miles along the Dryden 

 Road; 700 feet b. m. to the load. This road is now graded and about 

 1 mile macadamized. Two trips a day are now made by teamsters, 

 who receive $3 per 1,000 feet b. m., which is at the rate of 17 cents 

 per ton-mile. 



Hauhng costs on the old roads varied all the way from 40 to 80 

 cents per ton-mile. The "average cost per ton-mile for the cases 

 under observation was 25 cents on macadam^ 40 cents on graded 

 roads, and 55 cents on the old roads. The saving is 30 cents on 

 macadam and 15 cents on graded roads, and an average of about 

 20 cents per ton-mile. The total annual saving by reason of the 

 improved roads would, therefore, be about $59,400. 



An implement dealer at JonesviUe reports that he gave $400 



toward the building of the Ben Hur-Jonesville road four years ago 



and that he is now saving that amount each year by the reduced 



cost of hauling freight from Ben Hur. He paid for hauling freight 



from 15 to 20 cents per hundredweight for a 5-mile haul over the old 



road, which equals from 60 to 80 cents per ton-mile; on the improved 



road, from 8 to 10 cents per hundredweight for a 5-mile haul, which 



equals from 32 to 40 cents per ton-mile. For hauhng coal, -10 cents 



per bushel of 80 pounds for a 5-mile haul on the old road, which 



equals 50 cents per ton-mile; on the improved road he paid 5 cents 



per bushel of 80 pounds for a 5-mile haul, which equals 25 cents per 



ton-mile 



WISE COUNTY, VA. 



Road improvement in Wise County was begun in 1910 through the 

 construction of 4.6 miles of macadam road under the supervision 

 the State highway department. As was the case in other counties, 

 the first example of good-road construction served as an object lesson 

 and created a strong sentiment for comprehensive road improvement 

 throughout the county. On November 22, 1910, a county bond issue 

 of $700,000 for grading and macadamizing 110 miles of road was 

 carried by a vote of 2,156 for the bonds to 176 against them. Unfortu- 

 nately, no prelimmary surveys or engmeering advice were obtained 

 upon which to base the program of construction outlined in the order 

 of election, and in consequence it was found, after the bonds had been 

 voted and surveys for actual construction made, that the routes set 

 forth in the order of election aggregated 125 miles instead of 110 

 miles, and that the cost of grading and macadamizing this mileage 

 would amount to more than $1,000,000 instead of the $700,000 which 

 the people had voted. This ' naturally caused some dissatisfaction 

 and required a change in pohcy. It was, therefore, decided to grade 

 the whole mileage and build permanent drainage structures, utihzing 



