28 Quantity of Water Consumed in Irrigation. 



II. — Results Obtained in India. 



6. In 1875-76 the Ganges canal had been in operation over 

 i/wenty years, but irrigation was not considered to be fully 

 developed. The " duty" obtained from the water, or the area 

 irrigated per cubic foot per second, passing down four of 

 the divisions of the canal (there were altogether seven 

 divisions), and the average duty of the whole canal, in 

 1875-6 (an average year), were* : — 



Divisions of the 

 Ganges Canal. 



Northern 

 Anupshahr . , 

 Cawnpore 

 Etawah 

 Averagef or the 

 whole canal 



During 



During 



For the 



the 



the cold 



whole 



monsoon. 



season. 



year.t 



Acres. 



Acres. 



Acres. 



60 



41 



97 



46 



72 



117 



70 



149 



220 



83 



204 



290 



65 



129 



192 



Least duty during the cold season. 

 ,, ,, ,, monsoon. 



Highest duty each harvest. 



There are two harvests in the year, each ordinary crop 

 being on the ground and requiring water from three to five 

 months. Sugar-cane and garden-produce are exceptional, 

 belonging to both harvests. Cold season crops are chiefly 

 wheat, barley, and other grains (except maize, which is a 

 monsoon crop). Grasses and fodder are seldom irrigated to 

 any great extent in India, particularly during the cold 

 season. 



7. It is not quite clear from the author's notes whether the 

 duty of each division refers to the water entering the 

 distributaries of the division, or whether it includes the loss 

 in the canal as well. The author believes the former view is 

 correct, as he is not aware that the canal discharge is 

 gauged elsewhere than near the head and at escapes. 

 Moreover, the duty for the year given in the official report, 

 when comparing several years and the results of two canals 

 together, is 187 acres! ; but when comparing the results 

 obtained in the various divisions, and for the two seasons, 



irrigation Eevenue Eeport of the North-western Provinces (India) for the 

 year 1875-76, page 9a, table IX. 



+The duty for the year is not the sum of the areas for the two harvests, 

 the yearly duty being separately calculated. 



J Irrigation Eevenue Eeport of the North-western Provinces (India) for the 

 year 1875-76, page 13, par. 23. 



