16 



BULLETIN 308, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 



their volume and value at assigned stump prices in logging well- 

 stocked stands of various ages, are shown in Table 9. 



Table 9.- 



-Utilization and waste 



in logging well-stocked forest stands 



of short- 







leaf pine in Arkansas. 









Logs taken. 



Logs left. 







Diameter inside 

 bark of top log. 



Scribner. 



Doyle. 





Diameter inside 

 bark of top log. 



Scribner. 



Doyle. 



























+3 • 





. 





03 



a 



3 





a 



c* 



«s> 



« 



95 



03 



a 



3 





_: 



CO 



03g 



CO 



03g 





u 



<o 



™ 



*?, 



8 





s-t 



a 



g 



£ 



u 



-J2 



u 





ft 



hi 



y 



a 



<0 









ft 



a 



03 



a 



a 



©ft 



a 



«B ft 



<6 



bo 



03 



s 



n 



a 



^ 



a 



i* 



M 



03 



> 



g 



a 



SO 



■as 



a 



SO 

 7SS 



< 





§ 



<j 





o 



> 



o 



>. 



1-1 



a 



«l 



§ 



o 



>u 



o 



t>s& 



Yrs. 





In. 



Jm. 



/re. 



Bd.ft. 



Dolls. 



Bd.ft. 



Dolls. 





In. 



/re. 



/re. 



Bd.ft. 



Dolls. 



Bd.ft. 



Dolls. 



65 



160 



15 



9.3 



6 



7,845 



23.54 



5,815 



17.44 



45 



10 



8.0 



7 



760 



1.14 



441 



0.66 



75 



270 



11 



9.1 



7 



14,580 



43.74 



10,856 



32.57 



75 



9 



7.8 



7 



1,160 



1.74 



637 



.96 



150 



38® 



16 



11.6 



9 



48, 150 



144. 45 



40,290 



120. 87 



100 



13 



9.8 



8 



2,640 



3.96 



1,912 



2.87 



160 



470 



15 



11.1 



8 



53, 010 



159. 03 



45,090 



135. 27 



70 



10 



8.7 



8 



1,840 



2.76 



1,208 



1.81 



170 



229 



16 



11.3 



7 



23,619 



70.36 



20, 133 



60.40 



63 



12 



8.6 



7 



1,680 



2.52 



1,107 



1.66 



180 



220 



21 



15.0 



8 



39, 780 



119. 34 35, 906 



107. 72 



84 



15 



9.7 



8 



4,096 



6.14 



3,197 



4.80 



1 Measurements taken in November, 1912, on seven plots representing six different age classes. 



2 Ten per cent deducted for defects m logs taken. 



3 Twenty per cent deducted for defects in logs left. 



Under the best conditions of market the utilization of top logs 

 runs higher than is shown in Table 9. Where there are log hauls of 

 50 to 90 miles over railroads, now necessary for many of the larger 

 mills, there is small profit in manufacturing the lower grades. In 

 the flat, easily logged regions, straight and clear boles are taken 

 for saw timber down to as low as 5 inches, and sometimes less. In 

 much private lumbering practically everything straight and clear is 

 taken. As a northern Louisiana operator said, " we take everything 

 that will make two slabs and sawdust." This policy, which removes 

 the chief basis for a second cut, is being pursued for the alleged 

 reason that fire gets what the lumberman leaves. There is a wide 

 difference of opinion in regard to the subsequent damage and loss by 

 fire. Mr. L. J. Witherspoon, Womble, Ark., found by counts that in 

 five years heavily cut tracts lost by all the combined destructive 

 agencies only from 5 to 15 per cent of the trees above 3 inches in 

 diameter. 



Inspection and grading that would include as merchantable lum- 

 ber short lengths down to 4 feet and provide for odd lengths through- 

 out up to 24 feet would result in a very large reduction of present 

 milling waste. Short lengths of the clearest lumber in the tree in 

 the form of slabs now go to making steam because of the present 

 limitations ; for the same reason many logs are now left in the tops. 

 In most cases this is the result of haste and a desire to secure quantity 

 rather than quality through careful grading. Better utilization 

 would mean also remodeling plants and adding machinery for re- 

 manufacturing the product. The utilization of waste wood by 



