willows: their growth, use, and importance. 



25 



total stand on approximately 1,000 acres. It occurred generally in 

 groups one-eighth acre to 3 or 4 acres in extent. In plots 7, 8, and 9, 

 on Raccourci Island, Williamsport, La., the willow stand was almost 

 pure over several thousand acres. At other places the plots were in 

 pure stands, ranging from 1 acre to 100 acres. In scaling the plots 

 Table 9 was used. The top diameters shown in Table 5 more nearly 

 represent the actual practice in cutting willow under the present 

 wasteful lumbering, but in order to make a fairer comparison with 

 cottonwood or other species more closely utilized it was considered 

 desirable to base the yield on approximately the same utilization as 

 for cottonwood. 



Table 15. — ■ Yield of black willow in the Mississippi Valley south of Cairo, III. 



WELL-STOCKED STANDS. 



Plot No. 



Location. 



Size 



of 



plot. 



Age. 



Trees 

 per 

 acre. 



Aver- 

 age 

 height. 



Yield per acre 



12 



State. 



Acres. 



0.25 

 .25 

 .50 

 .50 

 .25 

 .25 



2.50 



1.00 

 .25 

 .25 

 .25 



2.50 



Years. 

 35 

 40 

 45 

 45 

 47 

 50 

 55 

 55 

 55 

 58 

 58 

 58 



76 

 84 

 98 

 34 

 56 

 52 

 41 

 36 

 64 

 40 

 56 

 56 



Feet. 

 84 

 90 

 90 

 116 

 116 

 116 

 110 

 107 

 110 

 106 

 109 

 103 



Cubic feet. 

 6,608 

 8,968 

 10,418 

 6,124 

 7,888 

 8,140 

 7,800 

 7,004 

 1,008 

 6,113 

 9,016 

 6,809 



Board ft. 

 28, 320 

 41, 920 

 46, 820 

 30, 340 

 41, 280 

 39, 840 

 38, 360 

 33, 989 

 49, 760 

 30, 960 

 48, 560 

 42,280 



Cords. 

 66 



11 





89 



10 



do 



104 







61 



4... 



do 



79 



6 .. 



...do 



81 



7.. 





78 



8 



do 



70 



1 





90 



2 



do 



61 



3 



...do 



90 



9 





87 









UNDERSTOCKED STANDS. 



Mississippi . 



Missouri 



do 



Mississippi. 



do 



Arkansas... 



do 



Tennessee. . 



do 



Louisiana . . 



0.25 



27 



52 



104 



5,488 



25, 360 



.25 



37 



58 



75 



4,992 



20, 800 



.25 



41 



62 



62 



4,836 



19, 400 



.25 



47 



32 



105 



4,300 



20, 720 



.25 



47 



32 



100 



4,640 



22, 400 



.25 



49 



36 



97 



4,556 



21, 440 



.25 



50 



36 



96 



5,356 



25, 800 



.25 



51 



56 



86 



5,482 



24,400 



.25 



51 



68 



66 



6,208 



27, 280 



.25 



55 



28 



94 



3,844 



26, 404 



MANAGEMENT OF WILLOW ON OVERFLOW BOTTOM LANDS. 



The black willow is now receiving the attention of lumbermen 

 because it is a substitute for cottonwood, which is being rapidly ex- 

 hausted, and because it is especially adapted for management on the 

 Mississippi bottom lands. The failing supply of cottonwood will be 

 largely replaced by red gum for some purposes; but black willow 

 must also become increasingly prominent, for il can be used in many 

 ways and it i- much lighter in weight than red gum, which, on account 

 of the long distances this lumber must be shipped to reach the 

 northern markets, is a decided advantage. 



Cottonwood is a better free for planting than willow, but for the 

 management of natural growth black willow Is in many respects 

 superior, ft seeds as abundantly as cottonwood, reproduces by 

 cuttings, and survives, when young, a greater variety of unfavorable 

 conditions. The land that is in no danger of being inundated, covered 

 8210°— Bull. 31*— 16 4 



