6 BULLETIN 111, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 



RELATION OF IMPROVED LAND TO POPULATION. 



By comparing the improved land with the population ws get some- 

 what of a measure of available food in each geographic division. 

 For the United States as a whole there was 0.3 of an acre more per 

 person in 1910 than in 1870, but nearly 0.5 of an acre less than in 

 1880. For the last three censuses the number has been growing 

 smaller. The number of acres of improved land per person in NeAv 

 England was nearly 3.5 in 1870, but in 1910 it was slightly over 1.1. 

 For the Middle Atlantic States it had decreased from 3.3 to 1.5 acres. 

 The decrease in the East North Central States began in 1880 and in 

 the South Atlantic in 1870. The West North Central States com- 

 prise the only group showing an increased number of acres per person 

 for every census since 1 870. 



RELATION OF DAIRY COWS TO POPULATION. 



The number of dairy cows per 1,000 persons gives us a rough 

 estimate of the available supply of dairy products, but since there is 

 such a marked variation in the average yield of milk per cow it is 

 only an approximate measure. For the United States, as a whole, 

 the changes between 1870 and 1910 have been but sHght, amounting 

 to 7 cows per 1,000 persons. The maximum number was reached 

 in 1890. However, the maximum number of cows in the New Eng- 

 land States was in 1880, and in the Middle Atlantic and Pacific in 

 1870. The number in the other geographic divisions has not shown 

 a steady tendency in any one direction. 



In considering the changes in dairy cows, it must be realized that 

 the census definition, the conception of what comprised dairy cows, 

 and the age at which they began to be included as such varied with 

 the different censuses. 



Table 4. — Number of dairy cows per 1,000 population, by geographic divisions. 



Geographic division. 



N 



umber of dairy cows per 1,000 population. 



1910 



• 1900 



1890 



1880 



1870 



New England . . 



■ 128.5 

 134.5 

 264.6 

 457.8 

 148.5 

 193.6 

 256.1 

 195.4 

 197.1 



159.8 

 168.4 

 247.9 

 437.6 

 132.5 

 167.5 

 250.3 

 196.8 

 222.2 



174.9 

 199.0 

 278.4 

 502.5 

 154.6 

 204.1 

 320.1 

 180.1 

 265.9 



186.2 

 232.8 

 266.9 

 391.6 

 168.6 

 205.1 

 300.5 

 191.2 

 266.6 



184.2 



Middle Atlantic . . . . . 



248.6 



East North Central 



246.3 



West North Central 



271.3 



South At.lantin 



171.0 



East South Central 



189.7 



West South Central 



324.7 



Mountain 



264.8 



Pacific 



339.8 







Total, United States 



224.3 



225.5 



262.3 



248.1 



231 7 







PER CAPITA PRODUCTION OF BUTTER AND CHEESE. 



For the United States, as a whole, in 1910, the amount of butter 

 produced per capita was greater than in 1870 and in 1880, but in 

 1890 and 1900 the average production per capita was 2 pounds less 



