18 



BULLETIN 182, U, S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. 



DISTILLERIES ON THE LARGER ESTATES AND DOMAINS. 



A better understanding of the part which the distillery plays in 

 the economics of the estate can no doubt be obtained from a few ex- 

 amples. For this purpose data bearing on the agricultural situa- 

 tion as a whole are here tabulated for three estates, two located in 

 the sandy soil of the Mark Brandenburg, not far from Berlin, and 

 the other in the Province of Silesia, in close proximity to soil suffi- 

 ciently heavy for the cultivation of sugar beets. 



Table Y. — Alcohol production on the larger estates of Germany. 



Item. 



Estates. 



Dahlem. Dahlewitz. Neuguth.' 



Size of estate acres. . 875 



Area of potatoes cultivated do 250 



Average yield of potatoes per acre - bushels. . 187 to 213 



Total yield do....{ ^osS 



Used in distillery do : Is', 333 



Mash capacity do 385. 695 



Operation (Betrieb) Twofold. 



"Kontingent" 6 bushels. . 10. 825. 892 



Expected to be distilled do (?) 



Cattle on the estate: 



Cows 210 



Oxen 28 



Calves None. 



1,375 

 400 

 266 



100, 000 



33,000 



581. 185 



' Twofold. 



(«) 

 (0 



100 



40 



Many. 



2 2, 812 



3 312 



267 



83,333 



50,000 



792. 525 



Twofold. 



12, 152. 05 



36. 984. 5 



100 

 50 

 150 



1 Does not include forest. 



2 There is an equal acreage of forest land. Of the 2,812 acres, 2,175 acres are under the plow, the balance 

 meadow, lake, and garden. 



3 A larger area is cultivated with clover, lupine, and saradeUa; 60 acres -vsnth sugar beets, etc. 

 ^ Part of the time this distillery is expected to operate threefold. ■ 



6 The amount allotted to the distillery in question. 



6 The "Kontingent" for this distillery had not been decided definitely. 



' These two distilleries being located near Berlin, the managers themselves did not know how much 

 would be distilled. Berlin naturally influences the potato market in the neighborhood much more than 

 the market is affected at the more d'istant estates. 



DISTILLERIES ON SMALL FARMS. 



The large majority of the stills in Germany are used, as are those in 

 France, for the production of alcoholic beverages from the juice of 

 grapes, apples, prunes, etc., and not for the manufacture of alcohol 

 as such. Practically all of the distilleries enumerated in Table IV 

 under the heading " Other substances " are stills of this class. Their 

 size and capacity can be judged, in large measure at least, by the an- 

 nual output of beverage computed as absolute alcohol. Of the total 

 53,050 stills of this class not less than 47,4T8 have an annual output 

 of only about 13 gallons of absolute alcohol. In other words, they 

 produce 25 gallons of brandy of approximate!}^ 50 per cent strength 

 or about 35 gallons of brandy of approximately 33 per cent strength. 

 These distilleries, or more correctly the domestic stills, have nothing 

 to do with the production of alcohol as such, and even where there are 

 small distilleries for such production of alcohol, they are not con- 

 sidered even as a possible factor in the production of alcohol from 



