AGRICULTURAL ALCOHOL IN GERMANY. 27 



pay to handle. Whether it would pay to naise grain so near Berlin 

 without the tariff on cereals, the writer does not know. 



The pei-sonnel of the estate of Dahlewitz consisted of about 30 men 

 and 40 women. During the potato harvest 40 persons are added to 

 this number, and during the winter it is reduced by 30 persons. 

 During the potato harvest the children help the adults, who are paid 

 for their work by the hundredweight of potatoes handled and not 

 by the length of time consumed. In addition, the children are also 

 employed during the summer afternoons to pull weeds. A number 

 of families reside on the estate, and about 30 of the eiUploygd are 

 outsiders (Poles, etc.). 



DOMINIUM NEUGUTH-HEINZENBURG. 



A 4-hour ride on one of the fast trains between Berlin and Breslau 

 brings one to Liegnitz. If it were not for the pine forests most of 

 the country southeast of Berlin would seem like a large sand waste 

 from which people here and there are trying to make a bare living. 

 It is really necessary to spend the larger part of a brief winter's day 

 in traveling through this country in order to appreciate what has 

 been accomplished, for example, at Neuguth. 



From Liegnitz it is a good half -hour's ride by rail to Leuben, a 

 quaint old Silesian town. From Leuben it is a 2-hour ride by wagon 

 to the Dominium Xeuguth-Heinzenburg. The dominium, having 

 been enlarged by the purchase of ten small peasant farms (Bauern- 

 giiter), now comprises over 5,670 acres of land (9,000 Morgen), of 

 which about 2,835 acres (4,500 Morgen) are forested, mostly with 

 pine. Of the slightly larger area not forested, 2,205 acres (3,500 

 Morgen) are plow lands (Ackerland), 787.5 acres (1,250 Morgen) 

 are meadow land (all hay), 25.2 acr^s (40 Morgen) are occupied by 

 ponds or very small lakes, and 63 acres (100 Morgen) are garden 

 land. 



Diversified farming is practiced. During the season of 1907 the 

 crops were as follows: Kye, 756 acres; potatoes, 315 acres; oats, 157.5 

 acres; wheat, 63 acres; barley, 63 acres; lupine, 220.5 acres; sara- 

 della,' 189 acres; clover, 157.5 acres; beets, carrots, etc., 63 acres. 



The inspector, who had served an apprenticeship of five years with 

 a scientific agriculturist from ITalle, stated that he regarded 315 

 acws of potatoes a necessity in or-der to secure propei- soil conditions 

 for the necessary rotation of crops of the estate. Every thii'd year 

 cultivated crops (Hackfrucht) — that is, potatoes or beets — should be 

 used. The result is that 350 ijourids more of gi-ain are harvested per 

 acre. On the other side of Leuben, where the soil is heaviei- and 

 admits of the cultivation of sugar beets, an increase of 525 pounds 

 of grain is obtained. 



' S(irii(l<Ilu Ih prj'fcrrcd lo lupine for llylit hoII. 



