38 



BULLETIN 196, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTUBE, 



Experimental lots of fruit were canned, using 400, 450, 500, 540, 560, and 600 grams 

 in water. The weight of the fruit on the cut-out for the corresponding lots was 405, 

 445, 510, 530, 550, and 580 grams, there being very little change. The fill from using 

 only 400 and 450 grams was clearly short weight; the use of 500 grams gave a slightly 

 slack fill; and with 600 grams the can was somewhat too full. To use 540 and 560 

 grams required tapping of some cans, in order to get the fruit in, but, on the whole, 

 they were easily filled. On the cut-out they lacked only a little more than one-half 

 inch of being full after draining. 



Experiments were made in canning cherries with sirups varying from 10° to 60°. 

 The cherries were divided into three lots: Small, or those passing tlirough a No. 26 

 sieve; large, those remaining above a No. 30 sieve; and a medium size which were 

 pitted. For comparative purposes, the average of the examinations of the commer- 

 cially canned article has been added to the table. The four grades which were 

 available were extra (30° sirup), extra standard (20° sirup), standard (10° sirup), and 

 seconds (water). 



The waste consists of stems and pits. The loss in canning cherries with pits varies 

 from about 15 to 18 per cent, and, when pitted, from 25 to 35 per cent. The loss 

 with small cherries is much greater than with large ones, as the pits do not vary as 

 much as the pulp. The cherry stems and pits are dried and used for flavoring in cough 

 sirups, etc. 



Effect of canning cherries in sirups of different degrees. (Royal Anne; weight of fruit 

 used, 500 grams in No. 2^ can.) 



Density of sinip 

 (degrees). 



Gross 

 weight. 



Weight of 

 contents. 



Weight of 

 fruit. 



Weight of 

 sirup. 



Brix 



reading. 



Reduc- 

 ing sugar. 



Sucrose. 



Acidity. 



Small cherries: 



Water 



Grams. 

 990 

 990 

 1,020 

 1,030 

 1,015 

 1,095 

 1,085 



1,010 

 1,020 

 1,020 

 1,050 

 1,060 

 1,080 

 1,090 



980 

 975 

 1,025 

 1,045 

 1,075 

 1,060 



984 



978 



999 



1,018 



1,030 



1,045 



Grams. 

 850 

 850 

 880 

 890 

 875 

 955 

 945 



870 

 880 

 880 

 910 

 920 

 940 

 950 



840 

 835 

 880 

 905 

 935 

 920 



844 

 838 

 859 

 875 

 890 

 905 



Grams. 



505 

 500 

 485 

 470 

 440 

 405 

 380 



530 

 495 

 495 

 470 

 440 

 400 

 380 



465 

 460 

 405 

 440 

 425 

 435 



584 

 526 

 536 

 545 

 507 

 562 



Grams. 

 345 

 350 

 395 

 420 

 435 

 550 

 565 



340 

 385 

 385 

 440 

 480 

 540 

 570 



375 

 375 

 475 

 465 

 490 

 485 



260 

 312 

 322 

 333 

 383 

 343 



Degrees. 

 10.60 

 14.6 

 20.1 

 24.4 

 29.9 

 36.0 

 40.2 



10.5 

 16.0 

 21.3 

 26.2 

 31.6 

 37.7 

 40.5 



18.7 

 20.5 

 25.4 

 31.9 

 33.8 

 39.2 



14.0 

 12.1 

 15.8 

 18.1 

 21.5 

 23.7 



Grams. 



per 100 cc. 



8.00 



8.25 



7.75 



10.60 



11.00 



10.75 



11.00 



6.00 

 9.50 

 10.50 

 10.50 

 10.50 

 12.75 

 11.00 



10.50 

 10.50 

 9.75 

 12.25 

 10.75 



Grams 



per 100 cc. 



0.00 



2.14 



7.60 



10.45 



13. 30 



21.61 



20.90 



.71 

 2.14 

 5.70 

 11.16 

 16.62 

 17.81 

 23.75 



4.27 

 5.46 

 11.64 

 14.01 

 18.29 



Grams 

 per 100 cc. 

 0.42 



10 



.38 



20 



.39 



30 



.39 



40 



.43 



50 



.38 



60 



.38 



Large cherries: 



Water 



.33 



10 



.34 



20 



.37 



30 



.33 



40 



.37 



50 



.35 



60 . . 



.37 



Pitted cherries: 



10 



.32 



20 



.37 



30 



.39 



40 



.40 



50 



.43 



60 



.38 



Average commer- 

 cially canned cher- 

 ries:" 

 Water 









Seconds 



5.67 

 7.81 

 7.90 

 8.00 



3.48 

 4.57 

 6.75 

 10.4 



.37 



Standards 



.39 



Extra standards.. 

 Extra 



■37 

 .35 



Special extra 











