COMMEKCIAL CAlsTNING OF FOODS. 



51 



Raspberries (Rubus occidentalis and R. idaeus). 



Raspberries are widely grown for consumption in the fresh state; very few are used 

 for canning. They have distinctly more character than many fruits, and it would 

 seem from the ease with which they may be grown that their use could be increased. 

 They are grown and handled in the same manner as blackberries. The red and the 

 black varieties are kept separate, as the red commands a higher price. The use of a 

 sirup of the right degree is essential in bringing out the rich flavor. The process takes 

 12 minutes at 212° F. 



Only a few experiments were made with raspberries, one part of the set being in 

 No. 2 and one part in No. 2| cans. The weight of fruit used in the No. 2 can was 

 380 grams and in the No. 2h can 600 grams, so that the results on the cut-out are very 

 nearly the same as if one size can had been used. The waste in canning is slightly 

 greater than for blackberries. 



Effect of varying degrees of sirup upon raspberries and the cut-out sirup (weight of fruit, 

 380 grams in No. 2 cans, 600 grams in No. 2\ cans; examined Oct. 10, 1912, Apr. 24, 

 1913, and Jan. 17, 1914). 



Size of can and densi- 

 ty of sirup (degrees) . 



Gross 

 weight. 



Weight of 



Weight of 



Weight of 



Brix 



Reduc- 



Sucrose. 



contents. 



fruit. 



sirup. 



reading. 



ing sugar. 











Grams 



Grams 



Grams. 



Grams. 



Grams. 



Degrees. 



per 100 cc. 



per 100 cc. 



595 



350 



245 



7.5 



4.75 



0.00 



595 



350 



245 



8.8 



5.25 



.00 



630 



330 



300 



22.9 



12.25 



6.65 



615 



330 



285 



21.5 



12.5 



5.7 



635 



310 



325 



29.5 



12.00 



13.77 



630 



315 



316 



29.2 



12.75 



12.11 



635 



325 



310 



32.7 



12.5 



15.67 



625 



315 



310 



32.4 



13.5 



14.25 



868 



567 



301 



13.3 



8.75 



1..55 



850 



590 



260 



13.7 



8.00 



1.19 



875 



590 



285 



13.2 



9.88 



.52 



872 



568 



304 



16.5 



8.12 



4.82 



855 



545 



310 



16.7 



9.50 



4.27 



865 



560 



305 



17.2 



12.74 



1.12 



902 



515 



387 



24.3 



9.00 



12.23 



890 



532 



358 



23.5 



11.75 



7.84 



895 



565 



330 



25.2 



19.52 



2.79 



Acidity. 



No. 2 cans: 

 Water. 



30 



50 



60 



No. 2J can.s 



10 



20 



40..:... 



Grams. 

 695 

 695 

 730 

 715 

 735 

 730 

 735 

 725 



1,008 

 990 

 1,015 

 1,012 

 995 

 1,CX)5 

 1,042 

 \,(r.iO 

 1,0.35 



Gravis 

 per 100 cc. 

 0.63 

 .62 

 .67 

 .60 

 .67 

 .60 

 .66 

 .55 



.75 

 .76 

 .70 

 .79 

 .77 

 .78 

 .78 

 .73 

 .81 



Raapberriea should be given a slightly heavier fill, but the same sirup as black- 

 berrie.s, and Hhould give almost the same result on the cut-out. The volume in the 

 can appears somewhat less, as the berries mat together a little closer t)n draining. 



Strawberries (Fuagaria virginiana). 



Strawberries used for canning are grown the same as for the market, but only varieties 

 of uniform size and wil li a woll-<I(;veloped flavor aro used. It is ])rofcrable that they be 

 handled in shallow bo.xes and drawers; in no case should boxes larger than the quart 

 size bo used. 



These berries are prepared by liand at the factory, as no macliino has been invented 

 which will sort them or remove the stems. If they arrive in the shallow boxes tlioy 

 are stemmed, anrl tlie soft or dr-fcctivo ones jncked out. The good })C!rrioH arc ])Ia(<xl 

 in large Hhallow pans, care being taken to prevent the accumulation of a layer deep 

 enougli to squee/.o out any juice, then washed in a single layer under sprays. Wiiilo 

 passing unrlor the sprays they aro gently rolled ovctr, so that all j)ar(H will ))o struck 

 by the wat.<;r. They are fillerl into the cans level with the top and the caiis weighed 

 to insure agjiinst short Wfright. One of the best e;ist(;rn packers has Ibo following ])lan: 

 The berries are stoninH;d and |>laced directly on enameled pie plates by one sot of 

 women. These are passed to other women, who weigh out a euflicient quantity to 



