52 



BULLETIN 196, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



just fill a can, after which the berries are washed under a spray of water and then 

 poured into the can through a special funnel. The plates are rinsed before being 

 returned for another lot of berries. The first impression is that the method is cumber- 

 some, but in practice it is rapid and ideal for cleanliness. The same method is also used 

 for other berries. 



The strawberry needs a good sirup to develop its flavor fully and to hold it. After 

 a sufficient quantity of sirup to fill the can has been added, it is exhausted for 3 minutes, 

 sealed, and processed for from 10 to 12 minutes. The practice of kettle cooking is 

 followed by a few careful packers. The berries and sugar are placed in a copper- 

 jacketed kettle and heated slowly to the boiling point. A special dipper is used to 

 lift out just enough solid fruit to each can, so that the sirup may be added afterwards 

 to make the proper fill. The object is to give a can with more solid fruit. With some 

 packers there is a loss of fruit juice, and this is used for flaA^oring sirups. There is a 

 distinct difference here in the object sought, "the full can" being the aim of some, 

 while others strive to get all the juice out as a primary product and can the remaining 

 solids as whole fruit. The cans are sealed at once and processed for 6 minutes. The 

 strawberry undergoes a marked change in weight and in volume, due to the action of 

 heat and sirup. 



Effect of varying degrees of sirup upon the strawberries and the cut-out sirup} 



Density of sirup 



Gross 



Weight of 



Weight of 



Weight of 



Brix 



Reduc- 



Sucrose. 



Acidity. 



(degrees). 



weight. 



contents. 



fruit. 



sirup. 



reading. 



ing sugar. 



Weight of fruit, 500 



















grams, No. 2.', cans; 



















pack of 1913; ex- 



















amined Oct. 28, 













Grams 



Grams 



Grams 



1912, Apr. 23, 1914: 



Grams. 



Grams. 



Grams. 



Grams. 



Degrees. 



per 100 cc. 



per 100 cc. 



per WO cc. 



Water 



f 940 



800 



315 



485 



6.2 



2. .50 



1.66 



0.59 





1 915 



775 



340 



435 



6. 4 



3.25 



. 00 



.57 



10 



I 940 



800 



310 



490 



9.6 



7.50 



4.05 



.53 





\ 940 

 / 945 

 \ 940 



800 

 805 



310 

 315 



490 

 490 



9. 4 

 12.7 









20 



4.'25' 



6." 89' 



.'59 





800 



315 



485 



13. 2 



5. 00 



5. 70 



.60 



30 



f 960 

 \ 985 



820 



325 



495 



18.0 



4.25 



11.87 



.52 





845 



360 



485 



19. 4 



11. 50 



6. 18 



.67 



40 



f 1,010 



870 



365 



505 



24.8 



6.00 



16.62 



.64 





\ 980 



840 



320 



520 



22. 8 



13. 25 



5.46 



.50 



50 



I 1,015 



875 



355 



520 



29.4 



5.50 



19.47 



.63 





\ 1,025 



885 



360 



525 



29. 



12. 50 



10. 45 



.63 



60 



( 1,055 

 \ 1,070 



915 



360 



555 



36.7 



6.50 



27.07 



.64 





930 



480 



450 



36.6 



12. 75 



IS. 76 



.59 



Variety, Brandy wine; 



















weight of fruit, 500 



















grams :paclc of 1913; 

 examined June 2, 



































1913, July 2. 1913, 



















Apr. 2, 1914:' 





















f 910 



770 



320 



450 



6.6 



4.75 



.00 



.52 



Water 



\ 915 

 1 910 



775 

 770 



360 

 420 



415 

 350 



6.2 

 6.5 



3.50 

 3.86 



.00 

 .21 



.53 





.61 





f 940 



800 



300 



500 



10.3 



8.00 



.47 



.63 



10 



{ 940 



800 



310 



490 



10.0 



5.00 



2.85 



.58 





[ 940 



800 



315 



485 



10.2 



5.92 



1.88 



.49 





( 955 



815 



330 



485 



13.9 



5.00 



5.94 



.63 



20 



\ 955 



815 



320 



495 



14.7 



5.50 



5.94 



.65 





i 960 



820 



335 



485 



13.9 



8.94 



2.64 



.57 





( 975 



835 



340 



495 



18.6 



6.25 



9.50 



.55 



30 



\ 970 



830 



330 



500 



19.3 



6.00 



10.69 



.53 





I 975 



835 



340 



495 



19.6 



11.48 



5.83 



.53 





1 985 



845 



345 



500 



23.6 



6.50 



13.78 



.49 



40 



{ 990 

 1 980 



850 

 840 



340 

 360 



510 

 480 



24.6 

 24.3 



8.50 

 22.12 



13.54 

 .04 



.53 





.55 





f 1,015 



875 



360 



515 



28.7 



5.50 



18.06 



.49 



50 



\ 1,000 

 I 1,005 



860 

 865 



365 

 350 



496 

 515 



27.8 

 29.3 



12.00 

 27.20 



11. 88 

 .08 



.54 





.63 





( 1,025 



885 



335 



550 



37.0 



5.00 



25.65 



.47 



60 



\ 1,020 

 [ 1,010 



880 

 870 



360 

 375 



520 

 495 



34.7 

 34.2 



10.00 

 26.94 



19.95 

 5.42 



.55 





.56 



1 A sufficient number of commercial samples was not received to make a fair comparative table. 



