44 BULLETIN^ 794, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



RAT LAKE. BROWN COUNTY. 



August 14, 1915. 



Description. — ^No marsh, and grazed to water's edge around entire lake. 

 Largely open water ; average greatest depth 3 to 4 feet ; bottom sandy. No inlet 

 or outlet. 



DiSTKIBUTION OF VEGETATION. 



SHORE PLANTS. 



Not conspicuous. 



1. Wild millet {Echinochloa cru^-galli) .* 



Mature fruit. 



2. Sedge (Carex nehraiskensifi) .* Mature 



fruit. 



3. Rush (Juncua nodosus).* 



4. Richweed (Filea pumila).* 



5. Yellow monkey-flower (Mimulus gey- 



eri).* 



6. Mint (Mentha canadensis) . 



SEMISXJBMEBGED PLANTS. 



Dominants: 



7. Wild rice {Zinania paJustris).* Flow- 



ers. 



8. Big bulrush '(Sc-irpMs occidevitalis) . 



Secondary species: 



9. Cat-tail {Typha latifolia). 



10. Western water plantain (AUsma hre- 



vipes) .* Not common. 



11. Geyer water plantain (AUsma geyeri).* 



Immature fruit. 



12. Wapato (Hagittaria latifolia). * Imma- 



ture fruit. 



13. Crested wapato (Sagittaria cristata). 



SUBMERGED PLANTS. 



Dominants: 



14. Curly pondweed (Potamogeton perfoli- 



atus richardsonii) . 



15. Water milfoil (Myriophyllum spica- 



tum),* 



Secondary species: 



16. Musk grass (Cliara sp.)* 



17. Sago pondweed (Potamogeton pectina- 



tus). 



18. Long-leaved pondweed (Potamogeton 



americanus) .* Flower buds. 



19. Bushy pondweed (Najas flexilis).* Im- 



mature fruit. 



20. Coontail (C eratophyllum demersum). 



Abundant. 



FLOATING PLANTS. 



21. Star duckweed ( Lemna trisulca) .* | 22. Big duckweed (Hpirodela polyrhiza) . 



Wild-duck foods. — Plants in the above list which have considerable value as 

 food for wild ducks are : Nos. 1, 7, 8, 12, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, and 22 ; those of lesser 

 importance are : Nos. 2, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, and 18 ; the remainder are of no 

 known value. 



WILLOW LAKE, BROWN COUNTY. 

 August 15 (?), 1915. 



Description. — No marsh area. Water clouded, owing to abundance of a 

 single-celled alga ; mostly open water ; average greatest depth 6 feet ; bottom, 

 as a whole, sandy. No inlet or outlet. 



Distribution of Vegetation. 



SHORE PLANTS. 



Include principally : 



1. Cord-grass (iipartina michau (Diana ) . 



2. Wild millet (Echinochloa erus-galU), 



3. Switchgrass (Panicum mrgatum). 



4. Redtop (Agrostis alba). 



