DESTRUCTION OF FLY LAEV^l IN HOUSE MANURE. 7 



a true partial sterilization, as has been shown by several investigators 

 (cf. Russel and Buddin, 1913, and the recent article by the latter, 

 Buddin, 1914), while the nonvolatile substances would be finally 

 decomposed in the soil, and, therefore, have no permanent injurious 

 effect. Organic substances, when added to the soil, may be attacked 

 by various members of the soil flora, as bacteria and filamentous fungi, 

 which either destroy the substances entirely or form compounds 

 that may be utilized by other organisms which are of value in main- 

 taining the fertility of the soil or may be utilized directly by the 

 plants themselves, 



ANILINE. 



Aniline (C 6 H 5 NH 2 ), which is extensively used in the preparation of 

 dyes, contains 15 per cent of nitrogen and costs about 60 cents per 

 quart. This substance was tested in cage experiments at Arlington, 

 Va., using dilutions of 1 to 50, 1 to 100, and 1 to 200. 



Table II. — Destruction of fly larvse in horse manure. Results voiih aniline and nitro- 

 benzene; cage experiments, Arlington, Va., 1914- 







Treatment of 8 bushels 

 of manure, using 10 

 gallons of liquid. 



Flies 

 emerged. 



Appar- 

 ent lar- 

 vicidal 

 effect. 



Number 



of bac- 

 teria per 



1 gram 

 manure, 



calcu- 

 lated to 

 dry 



weight. 



Manure, 



total 

 nitrogen. 



Water extract. 



Series. 



Alkalin- 

 ity, N/20 

 HCl per 

 100 c. c. 

 (5 grams 



of 

 manure). 



Water- 

 soluble 

 nitrogen. 



Nas 



NH 3 , 



Folin 



method. 



(A 





Number. 



4 



11 



25 



157 



687 



77 



307 



17 



28 



4,489 



1,936 



3,212 





 1 



115 



157 



687 



77 



307 



4 

 



5 

 4,489 

 1,936 

 3,212 



Per cent 

 of control 

 average. 



98 



97 



80 



Millions. 

 264 

 392 



Per cent. 



0.526 



.632 



C.c. 

 8.25 

 8.65 



Per cent 



of total 



nitrogen. 



41.63 



33.70 



Per cent 

 of total 

 nitrogen. 

 7.98 



94^B 



Aniline, 1-100 



4.60 



[C 



Aniline, 1-200 





|A 



Control (water only) . . 

 do 



283 

 165 

 157 



.898 

 .653 

 .533 



11.40 

 10.75 

 8.15 



25.61 

 24.19 

 27.39 



2 34 



99^B 





4. 13 



[c 



do 





2 44 





Control average 



Aniline, 1-200 







ioo{£ 



106{£ 



99+ 

 99 





.618 

 .674 

 .572 

 .561 



4.15 

 6.40 

 4.25 

 4.65 



25.08 

 29.08 

 25.00 

 26.02 



1.40 



do 





1.63 



Control (water only) . . 

 do 



19.6 

 27.1 



2. 10 





1.41 



Control average 



Nitrobenzene emul- 

 sion(3J pounds nitro- 

 benzene and J pound 

 fish-oil soap to lOgal- 







95. 



A 



B 



C 



A 

 B 



r, 



100 

 99+ 



63 



551 

 667 



.547 

 .526 



9.75 

 8.10 



34.92 

 40.50 



9.14 





do 



7.41 





Same as foregoing, di- 

 luted 1-3 







Control (water only) . . . 

 do 



283 

 165 



157 



.898 

 .653 

 .533 



11.40 

 10.75 

 8.15 



25.61 

 24.19 

 27.39 



2.34 



qp 





4.13 





do 





2.44 





Control average 



Nitrobenzene (1.67 

 pounds nitrobenzene 

 and J pound fish-oil 

 soap to 10 gallons 



water) undiluted 



do 







101 



A 

 B 



c 



A 

 B 



99+ 

 100 



99+ 





.565 

 .449 



6.40 

 5.40 



34.69 

 34.96 



8.32 





323 



9.13 





Same as foregoing, di- 

 luted, 1-1 







Control (water only) . . 

 do 



19.6 

 27.1 



.572 

 .561 



4.25 

 4.65 



25.00 

 26.02 



2.10 



106< 





1.41 





Controlaverage 





















